{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3181796428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459434","title":"Pathogen dose based natural killer cell algorithm for classification","display_name":"Pathogen dose based natural killer cell algorithm for classification","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3181796428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459434","mag":"3181796428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3449726.3459434","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459434","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1145%2F3449726.3459434&file=p115-wang_suppl.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1145%2F3449726.3459434&file=p115-wang_suppl.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408289","display_name":"Dongmei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2443-9395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dongmei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006343148","display_name":"Yiwen Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-5009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwen Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113825325","display_name":"Chengyu Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengyu Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072710254","display_name":"Hongbin Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-1532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbin Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047743962","display_name":"Xinmin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-5709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinmin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100408289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23076923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"115","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11020","display_name":"Immune Cell Function and Interaction","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11020","display_name":"Immune Cell Function and Interaction","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10981","display_name":"Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7044188976287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6489166617393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6129876971244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5963098406791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5719664692878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigen","display_name":"Antigen","score":0.530559778213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.46333539485931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-immune-system","display_name":"Artificial immune system","score":0.43074262142181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3436107635498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology","display_name":"Immunology","score":0.18559899926185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1718384027481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15738534927368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1054876446723938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7044188976287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6489166617393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6129876971244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5963098406791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5719664692878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.530559778213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.46333539485931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93768804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518735","display_name":"Artificial immune system","level":2,"score":0.43074262142181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3436107635498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.18559899926185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1718384027481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15738534927368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1054876446723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3449726.3459434","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459434","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1145%2F3449726.3459434&file=p115-wang_suppl.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3449726.3459434","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459434","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1145%2F3449726.3459434&file=p115-wang_suppl.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G542094732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61877045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3181796428.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3181796428.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2092276439","https://openalex.org/W2129624205","https://openalex.org/W3015027076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366906938","https://openalex.org/W2349391998","https://openalex.org/W4205655149","https://openalex.org/W2000775715","https://openalex.org/W2795393339","https://openalex.org/W2626393719","https://openalex.org/W4390618967","https://openalex.org/W2074467390","https://openalex.org/W2174745845","https://openalex.org/W2099615906"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Negative":[0],"selection":[1],"algorithm(NSA),":[2],"which":[3,48],"is":[4,77],"the":[5,41,57,63,67,71,74,97,121,132,141,144,152,176],"most":[6],"representative":[7],"classification":[8,21],"algorithm":[9,88],"among":[10],"immune":[11],"heuristic":[12],"algorithms,":[13],"has":[14,171],"been":[15],"successfully":[16],"applied":[17],"to":[18,50,61,139],"solve":[19],"many":[20,52],"problems.":[22],"However,":[23],"there":[24],"are":[25],"two":[26],"obvious":[27],"problems":[28],"with":[29,69,143,182],"NSA.":[30],"First,":[31,109],"NSA":[32],"establishes":[33,128],"specific":[34,44],"antibodies":[35],"for":[36,131],"each":[37],"antigen":[38,45,68],"based":[39,90,105,119],"on":[40,91,96,106,120],"mechanism":[42,98,124],"of":[43,66,99,125],"matching":[46,64],"antibody,":[47],"leads":[49],"too":[51],"and":[53,73,113,116,135,178],"redundant":[54],"detectors.":[55],"Second,":[56],"detection":[58,75,179],"stage":[59],"needs":[60],"calculate":[62],"degree":[65],"all":[70],"detectors,":[72,168],"efficiency":[76,174],"low.":[78],"This":[79],"paper":[80],"proposes":[81],"a":[82,163,172],"new":[83],"non-specific":[84],"natural":[85],"killer":[86],"cell":[87],"(NKA)":[89],"pathogen":[92,107],"dose.":[93,108],"NKA":[94,110],"draws":[95],"NK":[100],"cells":[101],"constructing":[102],"phenotype":[103,114,146],"detectors":[104],"defines":[111],"dose":[112,142],"detector,":[115],"optimizes":[117],"it":[118],"memory":[122],"evolution":[123],"phenotype;":[126],"then":[127],"k-d":[129],"tree":[130],"optimized":[133],"phenotype,":[134],"pathogens":[136],"only":[137,161],"need":[138],"match":[140],"nearest":[145],"detector.":[147],"Experimental":[148],"results":[149],"show":[150],"that":[151],"method":[153],"proposed":[154],"in":[155,175],"this":[156],"paper,":[157],"NKA,":[158],"can":[159],"not":[160],"achieve":[162],"better":[164],"performance":[165],"through":[166],"fewer":[167],"but":[169],"also":[170],"higher":[173],"training":[177],"phase,":[180],"compared":[181],"three":[183],"NSA-based":[184],"algorithms.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
