{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176019582","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3448414","title":"Clustering-based Efficient Privacy-preserving Face Recognition Scheme without Compromising Accuracy","display_name":"Clustering-based Efficient Privacy-preserving Face Recognition Scheme without Compromising Accuracy","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176019582","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3448414","mag":"3176019582"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3448414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3448414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457559","display_name":"Meng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2442-2841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064530863","display_name":"Hongsheng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-4227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongsheng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003553958","display_name":"Haolong Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-8829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haolong Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101954235","display_name":"Chi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-4593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052577882","display_name":"Lingjuan Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-4994"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingjuan Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ant Group, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ant Group, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076120553","display_name":"Xuyun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7353-4159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuyun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macquarie University, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macquarie University, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74097878,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8800642490386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.6497522592544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.628054141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.6263770461082458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6248903274536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.6067804098129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5494125485420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5462436676025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5271976590156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.49137797951698303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.46077412366867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4134281277656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3569445013999939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35393527150154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34278401732444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2616230249404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1365494430065155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08855932950973511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8800642490386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.6497522592544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.628054141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.6263770461082458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6248903274536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.6067804098129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5494125485420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5462436676025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5271976590156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.49137797951698303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.46077412366867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4134281277656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3569445013999939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35393527150154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34278401732444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2616230249404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1365494430065155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08855932950973511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3448414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3448414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179458199","https://openalex.org/W1496124759","https://openalex.org/W1521253015","https://openalex.org/W1534636449","https://openalex.org/W1557590790","https://openalex.org/W1798609567","https://openalex.org/W1985225657","https://openalex.org/W2001084165","https://openalex.org/W2001139135","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2041480327","https://openalex.org/W2053826825","https://openalex.org/W2056610114","https://openalex.org/W2068238369","https://openalex.org/W2073459066","https://openalex.org/W2074356711","https://openalex.org/W2078590992","https://openalex.org/W2113474134","https://openalex.org/W2126181239","https://openalex.org/W2134444889","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2146689848","https://openalex.org/W2149603017","https://openalex.org/W2151789982","https://openalex.org/W2294473867","https://openalex.org/W2337461312","https://openalex.org/W2403789702","https://openalex.org/W2462806717","https://openalex.org/W2738805647","https://openalex.org/W2770736290","https://openalex.org/W2778784613","https://openalex.org/W2791390287","https://openalex.org/W2891988363","https://openalex.org/W2941640471","https://openalex.org/W2945150335","https://openalex.org/W4298028584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2062586268","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W4300873085","https://openalex.org/W2019582947","https://openalex.org/W3147744369","https://openalex.org/W4241440711","https://openalex.org/W3212688212","https://openalex.org/W1524372968"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"biometric":[1,46,97],"identification":[2,43,82,140],"has":[3,48],"been":[4,15],"extensively":[5],"used":[6],"for":[7],"border":[8],"control.":[9],"Some":[10],"face":[11,29,59,102,113,126,181],"recognition":[12,114],"systems":[13],"have":[14,188],"designed":[16],"based":[17,116],"on":[18,80,117,185],"Internet":[19],"of":[20,42,150,179,194],"Things.":[21],"But":[22],"the":[23,40,57,62,132,148,156,160,177,190],"rich":[24],"personal":[25],"information":[26],"contained":[27],"in":[28,131,165],"images":[30],"can":[31],"cause":[32],"severe":[33],"privacy":[34,69],"breach":[35],"and":[36,75,192],"abuse":[37],"issues":[38],"during":[39],"process":[41],"if":[44],"a":[45,77,100,143,180],"system":[47],"compromised":[49],"by":[50],"insiders":[51],"or":[52],"external":[53],"security":[54],"attacks.":[55],"Encrypting":[56],"query":[58,127],"image":[60],"is":[61,103,155,176],"state-of-the-art":[63],"solution":[64],"to":[65,86,94,134,158,168],"protect":[66],"an":[67,110,124],"individual\u2019s":[68],"but":[70],"incurs":[71],"huge":[72],"computational":[73,89,136,161],"cost":[74,137],"poses":[76],"big":[78],"challenge":[79],"time-critical":[81],"applications.":[83],"However,":[84],"due":[85],"their":[87],"high":[88],"complexity,":[90],"existing":[91,166],"methods":[92,167],"fail":[93],"handle":[95],"large-scale":[96],"repositories":[98],"where":[99,174],"target":[101],"searched.":[104],"In":[105],"this":[106],"article,":[107],"we":[108],"propose":[109],"efficient":[111],"privacy-preserving":[112],"scheme":[115,154],"clustering.":[118],"Concretely,":[119],"our":[120,151,153,195],"approach":[121],"innovatively":[122],"matches":[123],"encrypted":[125],"against":[128],"clustered":[129],"faces":[130],"repository":[133],"save":[135],"while":[138],"guaranteeing":[139],"accuracy":[141],"via":[142],"novel":[144],"multi-matching":[145],"scheme.":[146,196],"To":[147],"best":[149],"knowledge,":[152],"first":[157],"reduce":[159],"complexity":[162],"from":[163],"O(M)":[164],"approximate":[169],"O":[170],"(\u221a":[171],"M":[172,175],"),":[173],"size":[178],"repository.":[182],"Extensive":[183],"experiments":[184],"real-world":[186],"datasets":[187],"shown":[189],"effectiveness":[191],"efficiency":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
