{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3175602451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3466584","title":"Flexibility Management of Data Centers to Provide Energy Services in the Smart Grid","display_name":"Flexibility Management of Data Centers to Provide Energy Services in the Smart Grid","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3175602451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3466584","mag":"3175602451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3447555.3466584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3466584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043139072","display_name":"Marcel Antal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2998-4176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158333966","display_name":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8nwp71","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Antal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065947536","display_name":"Tudor Cioara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1177-5795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158333966","display_name":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8nwp71","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tudor Cioara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019681375","display_name":"Ionu\u021b Anghel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-5266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158333966","display_name":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8nwp71","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ionut Anghel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102936088","display_name":"Claudia Antal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-3572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158333966","display_name":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8nwp71","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Antal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052747708","display_name":"Ioan Salomie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7437-8300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158333966","display_name":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8nwp71","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioan Salomie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158333966"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"443","last_page":"449"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6464163661003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.6015396118164062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5670342445373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5396689176559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.5196734070777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.4828791916370392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.48277178406715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4807574450969696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.42202746868133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.230484277009964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.22385424375534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.19311600923538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.189390629529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1749373972415924}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6464163661003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.6015396118164062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5670342445373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5396689176559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.5196734070777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4828791916370392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.48277178406715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4807574450969696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.42202746868133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.230484277009964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.22385424375534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.19311600923538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.189390629529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1749373972415924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3447555.3466584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3466584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025735304","https://openalex.org/W2062362339","https://openalex.org/W2075694540","https://openalex.org/W2173292299","https://openalex.org/W2607844604","https://openalex.org/W2620201215","https://openalex.org/W2736015369","https://openalex.org/W2753582940","https://openalex.org/W2757140470","https://openalex.org/W2891113010","https://openalex.org/W2981566219","https://openalex.org/W3102729215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589973774","https://openalex.org/W2353074559","https://openalex.org/W2171108821","https://openalex.org/W2023642087","https://openalex.org/W2074513827","https://openalex.org/W2402141875","https://openalex.org/W3125701662","https://openalex.org/W1498762745","https://openalex.org/W4312501103","https://openalex.org/W3037868018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"address":[4],"the":[5,17,24,27,45,144,147,179,183],"problem":[6],"of":[7,26,77,149],"Data":[8],"Centers":[9],"(DCs)":[10],"energy":[11,43,58,62,86,102,108,110,134,154,165,171],"efficiency":[12],"considering":[13],"their":[14,38,57],"integration":[15,94],"into":[16],"electrical":[18],"and":[19,41,60,112,124,189],"thermal":[20],"grids":[21],"by":[22,93,143,162,168],"emphasizing":[23],"role":[25],"DC":[28,33,78,88,97,107,120,127,145,164,170],"Digital":[29,74],"Twin":[30,75],"model":[31,76],"in":[32,182],"flexibility":[34,67,116,151],"management.":[35],"Due":[36],"to":[37,54,80,140,173],"high":[39],"digitization":[40],"controllable":[42],"systems,":[44],"DCs":[46],"can":[47],"act":[48],"as":[49,138,175,177],"flexible":[50],"assets,":[51],"being":[52],"able":[53],"dynamically":[55],"adapt":[56],"profiles":[59],"valuable":[61],"services.":[63],"We":[64],"present":[65],"a":[66,73],"management":[68,99,152,161],"solution":[69],"that":[70],"is":[71,91],"using":[72],"systems":[79],"determine":[81],"action":[82],"plans":[83,118],"for":[84,106,119,156],"shifting":[85],"load.":[87],"monitored":[89],"data":[90],"acquired":[92],"with":[95,146],"existing":[96],"infrastructure":[98],"(DCIM)":[100],"while":[101],"predictions":[103],"are":[104,122,136],"computed":[105],"demand,":[109,166],"flexibility,":[111],"heat":[113,191],"generation.":[114],"The":[115],"optimization":[117],"operation":[121],"determined":[123],"enforced":[125],"after":[126],"manager":[128],"validation":[129],"via":[130],"DCIM":[131],"integration.":[132],"Five":[133],"services":[135],"identified":[137],"suitable":[139],"be":[141],"provided":[142],"help":[148],"described":[150],"solution:":[153],"trading":[155],"increasing":[157,169],"profit,":[158],"grid":[159],"congestion":[160],"decreasing":[163],"scheduling":[167],"demand":[172],"consume":[174],"much":[176],"possible":[178],"renewable":[180],"available":[181],"local":[184],"grid,":[185],"power":[186],"factor":[187],"compensation":[188],"sell":[190],"on":[192],"demand.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}