{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173583667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3464863","title":"An Evaluation of NILM Approaches on Industrial Energy-Consumption Data","display_name":"An Evaluation of NILM Approaches on Industrial Energy-Consumption Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173583667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3464863","mag":"3173583667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3447555.3464863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3464863","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054748088","display_name":"Florian Kalinke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0443-6288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Kalinke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102824529","display_name":"Pawel Bielski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3242-9113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawel Bielski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016472432","display_name":"Snigdha Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-6434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Snigdha Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034787716","display_name":"Edouard Fouch\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-7648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edouard Fouch\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049768806","display_name":"Klemens B\u00f6hm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-1913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klemens B\u00f6hm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"239","last_page":"243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.8153456449508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7237166166305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6661108732223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","score":0.5646719932556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4887792766094208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.478293240070343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.4722054898738861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4530181884765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-accounting","display_name":"Energy accounting","score":0.4373963475227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4371834993362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.3441433310508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.17055022716522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12565135955810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12051668763160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.0744699239730835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.8153456449508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7237166166305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6661108732223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5646719932556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4887792766094208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.478293240070343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.4722054898738861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4530181884765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132853815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341254","display_name":"Energy accounting","level":3,"score":0.4373963475227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4371834993362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3441433310508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.17055022716522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12565135955810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12051668763160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0744699239730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3447555.3464863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3464863","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479651931","https://openalex.org/W1528056001","https://openalex.org/W1592493173","https://openalex.org/W1595331047","https://openalex.org/W1994042232","https://openalex.org/W2043279449","https://openalex.org/W2097481773","https://openalex.org/W2123910460","https://openalex.org/W2338255398","https://openalex.org/W2566212894","https://openalex.org/W2800892045","https://openalex.org/W2804170114","https://openalex.org/W2861817451","https://openalex.org/W2952097959","https://openalex.org/W2963030810","https://openalex.org/W2967158271","https://openalex.org/W2976299577","https://openalex.org/W2984293231","https://openalex.org/W3035774487","https://openalex.org/W3045430323"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2246303156","https://openalex.org/W2550000415","https://openalex.org/W3135037491","https://openalex.org/W2808301460","https://openalex.org/W2793984328","https://openalex.org/W2348284164","https://openalex.org/W3197290593","https://openalex.org/W4317826831","https://openalex.org/W2888950116","https://openalex.org/W2606841152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Load":[0],"disaggregation":[1,28],"methods":[2],"infer":[3],"the":[4],"energy":[5,16,20],"consumption":[6],"of":[7],"individual":[8],"appliances":[9],"from":[10],"their":[11,44],"aggregated":[12],"consumption.":[13],"This":[14,34],"facilitates":[15],"savings":[17],"and":[18],"efficient":[19],"management.":[21],"However,":[22],"most":[23],"existing":[24],"work":[25],"on":[26],"load":[27],"has":[29],"only":[30],"considered":[31],"household":[32],"settings.":[33],"may":[35],"be":[36],"due":[37],"to":[38,41],"companies":[39],"preferring":[40],"not":[42],"share":[43],"data,":[45],"rendering":[46],"such":[47],"data":[48],"hardly":[49],"available.":[50]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
