{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3137077814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442520.3442528","title":"Analysis on Entropy Sources based on Smartphone Sensors","display_name":"Analysis on Entropy Sources based on Smartphone Sensors","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3137077814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442520.3442528","mag":"3137077814"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442520.3442528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442520.3442528","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 the 10th International Conference on Communication and Network Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101802879","display_name":"Na Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-1393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences and School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences and School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371618","display_name":"Tianyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-7593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126530","display_name":"Data Assurance and Communication Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02z2gfm30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences and Data Assurance and Communications Security Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences and Data Assurance and Communications Security Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066513378","display_name":"Yuan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-6054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126530","display_name":"Data Assurance and Communication Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02z2gfm30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences and Data Assurance and Communications Security Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences and Data Assurance and Communications Security Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"21","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.571341335773468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5039228796958923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11785280704498291}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.571341335773468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5039228796958923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11785280704498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442520.3442528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442520.3442528","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 the 10th International Conference on Communication and Network Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W115326044","https://openalex.org/W1515964640","https://openalex.org/W1537226067","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2024814145","https://openalex.org/W2061893451","https://openalex.org/W2169455260","https://openalex.org/W2394749714","https://openalex.org/W2396656690","https://openalex.org/W2493581515","https://openalex.org/W2600795310","https://openalex.org/W2765692396","https://openalex.org/W2784781042","https://openalex.org/W2944855978","https://openalex.org/W2948495862","https://openalex.org/W3006076636","https://openalex.org/W4238163445","https://openalex.org/W4299546373"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2093578348","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W3004735627","https://openalex.org/W3099557286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Random":[0],"number":[1,57],"generator":[2],"(RNG)":[3],"is":[4,18,109,115,125,140,301,318],"the":[5,19,22,33,43,69,90,119,126,146,150,161,165,180,183,194,201,233,236,252,257,266,279,285,298,315,325,332,347,350,353,356,369],"basic":[6],"primitive":[7],"in":[8,28,45,164,182,190,293,337],"cryptography.":[9],"The":[10,248],"randomness":[11,130,333],"of":[12,21,24,35,50,72,121,129,196,235,245,263,268,282,288,334,364],"random":[13,56,156,198],"numbers":[14,199],"generated":[15],"by":[16,111,187,256],"RNGs":[17],"base":[20],"security":[23],"various":[25],"cryptosystems":[26],"implemented":[27],"network":[29],"and":[30,42,65,83,85,158,192,216,239,265,284,297,322,328,349],"communications.":[31],"With":[32],"popularization":[34],"smart":[36],"mobile":[37,60],"devices":[38,61],"(such":[39],"as":[40,134,136],"smartphones)":[41],"surge":[44],"demand":[46],"for":[47,59,131,148,178,209,228,309,324],"cryptographic":[48],"applications":[49],"such":[51],"devices,":[52],"research":[53],"on":[54,97,242,314],"providing":[55,174],"services":[58],"has":[62,259,274],"attracted":[63],"more":[64,66],"attentions.":[67],"As":[68],"important":[70],"components":[71],"smartphones,":[73,104,191],"sensors":[74,188,212,258,270],"are":[75,366],"used":[76],"to":[77,99,117,143,154,173,231,271,343,368],"collect":[78],"data":[79,87,153,166,185,206,217,230,254,336],"from":[80,200],"user":[81,354],"behaviors":[82],"environments,":[84],"some":[86,94,210],"sources":[88,123],"have":[89],"non-deterministic":[91],"properties.":[92],"Currently,":[93],"work":[95,142],"focuses":[96],"how":[98,159],"design":[100],"sensor-based":[101],"RNG":[102],"towards":[103],"since":[105],"no":[106,141],"additional":[107],"hardware":[108],"required":[110],"this":[112,169],"method.":[113],"It":[114],"critical":[116],"evaluate":[118],"quality":[120],"entropy":[122,162,181,225,234,273,307],"which":[124,317,365],"main":[127],"source":[128],"RNGs.":[132],"However,":[133],"far":[135],"we":[137,171,221,303],"know,":[138],"there":[139],"systematically":[144],"analyze":[145],"feasibility":[147,195],"utilizing":[149],"raw":[151,184,253],"sensor":[152,237,289,335],"generate":[155],"sequences,":[157],"much":[160],"contained":[163],"is.":[167],"In":[168],"paper,":[170],"aim":[172],"an":[175],"analysis":[176],"method":[177],"quantifying":[179],"captured":[186],"embedded":[189],"studying":[193],"generating":[197],"data.":[202,290],"We":[203],"establish":[204],"several":[205],"collection":[207],"models":[208],"typical":[211],"with":[213,278],"different":[214,269],"scenarios":[215,281,339],"sampling":[218,286,299],"frequencies.":[219],"Furthermore,":[220],"propose":[222],"a":[223,243,260,275,294,305],"universal":[224],"estimation":[226,308],"scheme":[227],"multivariate":[229],"quantify":[232],"data,":[238],"apply":[240],"it":[241],"type":[244],"Android":[246],"smartphones.":[247],"experiments":[249],"demonstrate":[250],"that":[251,352],"collected":[255],"considerable":[261],"amount":[262],"entropy,":[264],"ability":[267],"provide":[272],"certain":[276],"relationship":[277],"usage":[280],"smartphones":[283,312,357],"frequency":[287,300],"Particularly,":[291],"when":[292],"static":[295,344],"scenario":[296],"50Hz,":[302],"get":[304],"conservative":[306],"our":[310],"testing":[311],"based":[313],"min-entropy,":[316],"about":[319],"189bits/s,":[320],"13bits/s":[321],"254bits/s":[323],"accelerometer,":[326],"gyroscope,":[327],"magnetometer":[329],"respectively.":[330],"While":[331],"dynamic":[338],"will":[340],"increase":[341],"compared":[342],"scenarios,":[345],"because":[346],"environment":[348],"way":[351],"uses":[355],"actually":[358],"exist":[359],"differences":[360],"each":[361],"time,":[362],"parts":[363],"unknowable":[367],"attacker.":[370]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
