{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127010458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442391.3442404","title":"Applications of #SAT Solvers on Feature Models","display_name":"Applications of #SAT Solvers on Feature Models","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127010458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442391.3442404","mag":"3127010458"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442391.3442404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442391.3442404","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Working Conference on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035888221","display_name":"Chico Sundermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-3307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chico Sundermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006095904","display_name":"Michael Nieke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3255-9362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Nieke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018307128","display_name":"Paul Maximilian Bittner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9388-0649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul M. Bittner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059201833","display_name":"Tobias He\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9389-9278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias He\u00df","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022934464","display_name":"Thomas Th\u00fcm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8069-9584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Th\u00fcm","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065261670","display_name":"Ina Schaefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7153-761X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ina Schaefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7987,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91837576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10404","display_name":"Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization","score":0.9532999992370605,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7595071792602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.7337504625320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.587727963924408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5817943811416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-satisfiability-problem","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","score":0.5774348378181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.570789098739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-model","display_name":"Feature model","score":0.5291022658348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5191794633865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.513177216053009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-product-line","display_name":"Software product line","score":0.5106843113899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfiability","display_name":"Satisfiability","score":0.4938064515590668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-formula","display_name":"Propositional formula","score":0.47146540880203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4579651653766632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32916659116744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28540581464767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.18569856882095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15915459394454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-variable","display_name":"Propositional variable","score":0.14674216508865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.07108184695243835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7595071792602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7337504625320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.587727963924408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5817943811416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6943359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875276","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","level":2,"score":0.5774348378181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.570789098739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101814296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5439685","display_name":"Feature model","level":3,"score":0.5291022658348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5191794633865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.513177216053009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778177629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111823","display_name":"Software product line","level":4,"score":0.5106843113899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350299","display_name":"Satisfiability","level":2,"score":0.4938064515590668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74640108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1372900","display_name":"Propositional formula","level":5,"score":0.47146540880203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4579651653766632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32916659116744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28540581464767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.18569856882095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15915459394454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14523651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3492863","display_name":"Propositional variable","level":4,"score":0.14674216508865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.07108184695243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33203268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361594","display_name":"Intermediate logic","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442391.3442404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442391.3442404","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Working Conference on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5450866","https://openalex.org/W110774038","https://openalex.org/W255296881","https://openalex.org/W1219898482","https://openalex.org/W1498070723","https://openalex.org/W1509488818","https://openalex.org/W1537730723","https://openalex.org/W1547743088","https://openalex.org/W1607840088","https://openalex.org/W1608654004","https://openalex.org/W1673174959","https://openalex.org/W1686746446","https://openalex.org/W1965693119","https://openalex.org/W2000228884","https://openalex.org/W2001932992","https://openalex.org/W2020575446","https://openalex.org/W2045558114","https://openalex.org/W2052229687","https://openalex.org/W2059510240","https://openalex.org/W2062483738","https://openalex.org/W2093944715","https://openalex.org/W2104208948","https://openalex.org/W2105376034","https://openalex.org/W2113201637","https://openalex.org/W2115826669","https://openalex.org/W2118622620","https://openalex.org/W2120545184","https://openalex.org/W2128967738","https://openalex.org/W2129332375","https://openalex.org/W2135525750","https://openalex.org/W2148043549","https://openalex.org/W2153092274","https://openalex.org/W2165210986","https://openalex.org/W2166567600","https://openalex.org/W2172225938","https://openalex.org/W2232506718","https://openalex.org/W2294668324","https://openalex.org/W2364847970","https://openalex.org/W2526677161","https://openalex.org/W2578936273","https://openalex.org/W2607921762","https://openalex.org/W2740402962","https://openalex.org/W2741061345","https://openalex.org/W2741834960","https://openalex.org/W2767611112","https://openalex.org/W2810413193","https://openalex.org/W2891514372","https://openalex.org/W2891947729","https://openalex.org/W2908408690","https://openalex.org/W2954326695","https://openalex.org/W2968570979","https://openalex.org/W3004925679","https://openalex.org/W3005452026","https://openalex.org/W3005469596","https://openalex.org/W3093966952","https://openalex.org/W3123509436","https://openalex.org/W3131994959","https://openalex.org/W3144844596","https://openalex.org/W3150134748","https://openalex.org/W4245995216","https://openalex.org/W4248492530","https://openalex.org/W4254738774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903450681","https://openalex.org/W2005449645","https://openalex.org/W1939438916","https://openalex.org/W2612841534","https://openalex.org/W2260634139","https://openalex.org/W2158471572","https://openalex.org/W2414525409","https://openalex.org/W4255726044","https://openalex.org/W1512360405","https://openalex.org/W3128448798"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Product":[0],"lines":[1],"are":[2,134],"ubiquitous":[3],"for":[4,81,111,115,122,152],"managing":[5],"variable":[6,71],"systems.":[7],"The":[8],"variability":[9],"of":[10,19,36,39,51,69,73,102,113],"a":[11,20,24,37,74,100,120],"product":[12],"line":[13],"is":[14,78],"typically":[15],"described":[16],"in":[17],"terms":[18],"feature":[21,25,116],"model.":[22],"Analyzing":[23],"model":[26],"gives":[27],"insight":[28],"into":[29],"various":[30],"aspects,":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33,119],"the":[34,49,67,82,92],"validity":[35],"configuration":[38],"features.":[40],"Several":[41],"analyses":[42,97],"have":[43],"been":[44],"considered":[45],"that":[46,129],"require":[47],"computing":[48],"number":[50,68],"valid":[52],"configurations":[53],"which":[54],"proves":[55],"highly":[56],"inefficient":[57],"when":[58],"using":[59],"regular":[60],"SAT":[61],"solvers.":[62],"A":[63],"#SAT":[64,114,140],"solver":[65],"computes":[66],"satisfying":[70],"assignments":[72],"propositional":[75],"formula":[76],"and":[77,90,98,124,150],"specifically":[79],"optimized":[80],"aforementioned":[83],"analyses.":[84,105],"In":[85],"this":[86],"work,":[87],"we":[88,127],"summarize":[89],"unify":[91],"state-of-the-art":[93],"on":[94,136,147],"#SAT-based":[95,104,158],"feature-model":[96],"propose":[99],"variety":[101],"new":[103],"We":[106],"provide":[107],"an":[108],"exhaustive":[109],"catalogue":[110],"applications":[112,133],"models":[117],"serving":[118],"reference":[121],"researchers":[123],"practitioners.":[125],"Furthermore,":[126],"show":[128],"all":[130],"these":[131],"21":[132],"based":[135],"only":[137],"three":[138,154],"different":[139],"queries.":[141],"Thus,":[142],"future":[143],"research":[144],"can":[145],"focus":[146],"providing":[148],"solutions":[149],"optimizations":[151],"those":[153],"queries":[155],"to":[156],"accelerate":[157],"applications.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
