{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136387861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3439706.3447049","title":"Snap-3D: A Constrained Placement-Driven Physical Design Methodology for Face-to-Face-Bonded 3D ICs","display_name":"Snap-3D: A Constrained Placement-Driven Physical Design Methodology for Face-to-Face-Bonded 3D ICs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136387861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3439706.3447049","mag":"3136387861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3439706.3447049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3439706.3447049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 International Symposium on Physical Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073660004","display_name":"Pruek Vanna-Iampikul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2897-7142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pruek Vanna-Iampikul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004063070","display_name":"Chengjia Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7879-9560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengjia Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021997733","display_name":"Yi\u2010Chen Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-9167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Chen Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015819338","display_name":"Sai Pentapati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3966-1749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Pentapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052950521","display_name":"Sung Kyu Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-5282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Kyu Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5255,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8212764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"39","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-design","display_name":"Physical design","score":0.7458425760269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7344431281089783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Three-dimensional integrated circuit","score":0.6566550135612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5888277292251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-modeling","display_name":"Solid modeling","score":0.5715506076812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-cell","display_name":"Standard cell","score":0.5291814208030701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5171917676925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4789296090602875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.46871867775917053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit-design","display_name":"Integrated circuit design","score":0.4572060704231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-flow","display_name":"Design flow","score":0.4147592782974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3610144853591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.34360647201538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2400675117969513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.23100295662879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.22080090641975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13038772344589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.09628665447235107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09323045611381531}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188817802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13426855","display_name":"Physical design","level":3,"score":0.7458425760269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7344431281089783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59088047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229370","display_name":"Three-dimensional integrated circuit","level":3,"score":0.6566550135612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5888277292251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108882727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991685","display_name":"Solid modeling","level":2,"score":0.5715506076812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78401558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464496","display_name":"Standard cell","level":3,"score":0.5291814208030701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5171917676925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4789296090602875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46871867775917053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74524168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074539","display_name":"Integrated circuit design","level":2,"score":0.4572060704231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37135326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931942","display_name":"Design flow","level":2,"score":0.4147592782974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3610144853591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.34360647201538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2400675117969513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.23100295662879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.22080090641975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13038772344589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09628665447235107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09323045611381531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3439706.3447049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3439706.3447049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 International Symposium on Physical Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024146094","https://openalex.org/W2117278010","https://openalex.org/W2130923737","https://openalex.org/W2163262984","https://openalex.org/W2284397099","https://openalex.org/W2569250791","https://openalex.org/W2984636074","https://openalex.org/W3099814196","https://openalex.org/W6679395945","https://openalex.org/W6679695434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047088815","https://openalex.org/W1965232212","https://openalex.org/W2151657833","https://openalex.org/W2070693700","https://openalex.org/W3136387861","https://openalex.org/W4312327624","https://openalex.org/W4244696039","https://openalex.org/W3172718840","https://openalex.org/W4245549415","https://openalex.org/W1617216077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,23,28,40,56,87,128,178],"integration":[1],"technology":[2],"is":[3,92,103,132],"one":[4,106],"of":[5,21],"the":[6,19,95,99,121,148],"leading":[7],"options":[8],"that":[9,62,97,160],"can":[10,117],"advance":[11],"Moore's":[12],"Law":[13],"beyond":[14],"conventional":[15],"scaling.":[16],"Due":[17],"to":[18,38,84,134,164],"absence":[20],"commercial":[22,36,114],"placers":[24],"and":[25,51,108,124,138,146,169],"routers,":[26],"existing":[27],"physical":[29,42],"design":[30,63,150,179],"flows":[31,46],"rely":[32],"heavily":[33],"on":[34,94,155],"2D":[35,48,115],"tools":[37],"handle":[39],"IC":[41],"synthesis.":[43],"Specifically,":[44],"these":[45],"build":[47,85],"designs":[49,158],"first":[50],"then":[52],"convert":[53],"them":[54,119],"into":[55,110],"designs.":[57],"However,":[58],"several":[59],"works":[60],"demonstrate":[61,159],"qualities":[64],"degrade":[65],"during":[66],"this":[67,71,75],"2D-3D":[68],"transformation.":[69],"In":[70],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"overcome":[74],"issue":[76],"with":[77,176],"our":[78],"Snap-3D,":[79],"a":[80],"constraint-driven":[81],"placement":[82],"approach":[83],"commercial-quality":[86],"ICs.":[88],"Our":[89],"key":[90],"idea":[91],"based":[93],"observation":[96],"if":[98],"standard":[100],"cell":[101],"height":[102],"contracted":[104],"by":[105],"half":[107],"partitioned":[109],"multiple":[111],"tiers,":[112],"any":[113],"placer":[116],"place":[118],"onto":[120],"row":[122],"structure":[123],"naturally":[125],"achieve":[126],"high-quality":[127],"placement.":[129],"This":[130],"methodology":[131],"shown":[133],"optimize":[135],"power,":[136,168],"performance,":[137],"area":[139],"(PPA)":[140],"metrics":[141],"across":[142],"different":[143],"tiers":[144],"simultaneously":[145],"minimize":[147],"aforementioned":[149],"quality":[151],"loss.":[152],"Experimental":[153],"results":[154],"7":[156],"industrial":[157],"Snap-3D":[161],"achieves":[162],"up":[163],"5.4%":[165],"wirelength,":[166],"10.1%":[167],"92.3%":[170],"total":[171],"negative":[172],"slack":[173],"improvements":[174],"compared":[175],"state-of-the-art":[177],"flows.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}