{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3112511105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441794","title":"Unifying Online and Counterfactual Learning to Rank: A Novel Counterfactual Estimator that Effectively Utilizes Online Interventions","display_name":"Unifying Online and Counterfactual Learning to Rank: A Novel Counterfactual Estimator that Effectively Utilizes Online Interventions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3112511105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441794","mag":"3112511105"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3437963.3441794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441794","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.04426","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002072527","display_name":"Harrie Oosterhuis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-9233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harrie Oosterhuis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031439294","display_name":"Maarten de Rijke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-0202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112722","display_name":"Ahold Delhaize (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v6p2g18","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112722"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maarten de Rijke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Amsterdam &amp; Ahold Delhaize, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Amsterdam &amp; Ahold Delhaize, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112722","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002072527"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8744,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98963973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"463","last_page":"471"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9764000177383423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","score":0.9766572713851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6561371088027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6483426094055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.5733734965324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.5632243156433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning","display_name":"Online learning","score":0.4985809326171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44109222292900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4407579302787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-to-rank","display_name":"Learning to rank","score":0.42788809537887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.27037107944488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24454814195632935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1882668435573578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17625749111175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.11649402976036072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.9766572713851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6561371088027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6483426094055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5733734965324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5632243156433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986087404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946010","display_name":"Online learning","level":2,"score":0.4985809326171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44109222292900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4407579302787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86037889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4330127","display_name":"Learning to rank","level":3,"score":0.42788809537887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.27037107944488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24454814195632935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1882668435573578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17625749111175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.11649402976036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3437963.3441794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441794","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2012.04426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.04426","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.04426","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/87bfe282-07c4-434e-9385-d4dd641cd9c9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/unifying-online-and-counterfactual-learning-to-rank(87bfe282-07c4-434e-9385-d4dd641cd9c9).html","pdf_url":"https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/53889692/oosterhuis_2020_unifying_arxiv.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Oosterhuis, H & de Rijke, M 2020 'Unifying Online and Counterfactual Learning to Rank'. < https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.04426 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/fa9dc544-607f-49f1-821d-e3869a1b0358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11245.1/fa9dc544-607f-49f1-821d-e3869a1b0358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Oosterhuis, H & de Rijke, M 2021, Unifying Online and Counterfactual Learning to Rank : A Novel Counterfactual Estimator that Effectively Utilizes Online Interventions. in WSDM '21 : Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining : March 8-12, 2021, virtual event, Israel. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, pp. 463-471, 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, WSDM 2021, Virtual, Online, Israel, 8/03/21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441794","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/fa9dc544-607f-49f1-821d-e3869a1b0358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/unifying-online-and-counterfactual-learning-to-rank(fa9dc544-607f-49f1-821d-e3869a1b0358).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Oosterhuis, H & de Rijke, M 2021, Unifying Online and Counterfactual Learning to Rank : A Novel Counterfactual Estimator that Effectively Utilizes Online Interventions. in WSDM '21 : Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining : March 8-12, 2021, virtual event, Israel. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, pp. 463-471, 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, WSDM 2021, Virtual, Online, Israel, 8/03/21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441794","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/244884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2066/244884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401067","display_name":"Radboud Repository (Radboud University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","host_organization_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in monograph or in proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:ru:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/244884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2066/244884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lewin-Eytan, L. (ed.), WSDM '21: The Fourteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining Virtual Event Israel March 8 - 12, 2021, 463 - 471. New York : ACM","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:uvapub:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/fa9dc544-607f-49f1-821d-e3869a1b0358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/unifying-online-and-counterfactual-learning-to-rank(fa9dc544-607f-49f1-821d-e3869a1b0358).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"WSDM '21: Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining : March 8-12, 2021, virtual event, Israel, 463 - 471","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencepaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2012.04426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.04426","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.04426","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2586376837","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"612.001.551","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G629491556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(NWO)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69540849","https://openalex.org/W1530210183","https://openalex.org/W1835538174","https://openalex.org/W1967787801","https://openalex.org/W1973435495","https://openalex.org/W1992549066","https://openalex.org/W2009979684","https://openalex.org/W2022995284","https://openalex.org/W2047221353","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2061170183","https://openalex.org/W2069870183","https://openalex.org/W2147892741","https://openalex.org/W2149427297","https://openalex.org/W2150886314","https://openalex.org/W2152314154","https://openalex.org/W2156541733","https://openalex.org/W2188353343","https://openalex.org/W2279385734","https://openalex.org/W2340526403","https://openalex.org/W2418554883","https://openalex.org/W2507134384","https://openalex.org/W2769473018","https://openalex.org/W2784672094","https://openalex.org/W2797400361","https://openalex.org/W2798460079","https://openalex.org/W2884475480","https://openalex.org/W2890022552","https://openalex.org/W2890291106","https://openalex.org/W2898073868","https://openalex.org/W2899075954","https://openalex.org/W2899259597","https://openalex.org/W2905569957","https://openalex.org/W2911802745","https://openalex.org/W2913544988","https://openalex.org/W2955421345","https://openalex.org/W3012600133","https://openalex.org/W3015271280","https://openalex.org/W3023071042","https://openalex.org/W3044556022","https://openalex.org/W3099438228","https://openalex.org/W3101935024","https://openalex.org/W3102540985","https://openalex.org/W3103259151","https://openalex.org/W3104881842","https://openalex.org/W3105148189","https://openalex.org/W3105712174","https://openalex.org/W3105997200","https://openalex.org/W4230674625","https://openalex.org/W4288280739","https://openalex.org/W4304686742","https://openalex.org/W6747597888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201448254","https://openalex.org/W4286970243","https://openalex.org/W2772359885","https://openalex.org/W4388955650","https://openalex.org/W3011471740","https://openalex.org/W2884580467","https://openalex.org/W2572315477","https://openalex.org/W2138935942","https://openalex.org/W3003205888","https://openalex.org/W2758702176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimizing":[0],"ranking":[1,15],"systems":[2,16],"based":[3,17],"on":[4,18],"user":[5,19],"interactions":[6,20],"is":[7],"a":[8],"well-studied":[9],"problem.":[10],"State-of-the-art":[11],"methods":[12,46,61],"for":[13],"optimizing":[14],"are":[21,47],"divided":[22],"into":[23],"online":[24,45,50,66],"approaches":[25,37],"-":[26,34,38],"that":[27,39],"learn":[28,40],"by":[29],"directly":[30,63],"interacting":[31],"with":[32],"users":[33],"and":[35,52],"counterfactual":[36,60],"from":[41,65],"historical":[42],"interactions.":[43],"Existing":[44],"hindered":[48],"without":[49],"interventions":[51],"thus":[53],"should":[54],"not":[55],"be":[56],"applied":[57],"counterfactually.":[58],"Conversely,":[59],"cannot":[62],"benefit":[64],"interventions.":[67]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2020-12-21T00:00:00"}