{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135217137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441652","title":"Some Thoughts on Computational Natural Language in the 21st Century","display_name":"Some Thoughts on Computational Natural Language in the 21st Century","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135217137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441652","mag":"3135217137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3437963.3441652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441652","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028913764","display_name":"Yoav Shoham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yoav Shoham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University and AI21 Labs, Stanford, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University and AI21 Labs, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028913764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03211839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9466000199317932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7822876572608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.6488006114959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5857228636741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.5343849658966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4052889943122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.0848623514175415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7822876572608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.6488006114959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5857228636741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5343849658966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4052889943122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0848623514175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3437963.3441652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3437963.3441652","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"neural":[1],"language":[2,37,56],"models":[3],"(LMs)":[4],"have":[5],"grabbed":[6],"much":[7],"attention":[8],"in":[9,13,30],"recent":[10],"years,":[11],"due":[12],"part":[14,31],"to":[15,26,32,60],"their":[16,33],"massive":[17,46],"sizes":[18],"and":[19,29,39,67],"the":[20,73],"resources":[21],"(time,":[22],"money,":[23],"data)":[24],"required":[25,50],"derive":[27],"them,":[28],"unprecedented":[34],"performance":[35],"on":[36],"understanding":[38],"generation":[40],"tasks.":[41],"It":[42],"is":[43],"clear":[44],"that":[45],"LMs":[47],"are":[48,58],"a":[49],"component":[51],"of":[52,75],"any":[53],"future":[54],"natural":[55],"system,":[57],"critical":[59],"improving":[61],"existing":[62],"applications":[63,70],"such":[64],"as":[65],"search,":[66],"enable":[68],"new":[69],"previously":[71],"beyond":[72],"reach":[74],"technology.":[76]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}