{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3117042881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3436730","title":"SPX64","display_name":"SPX64","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3117042881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3436730","mag":"3117042881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3436730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3436730","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3436730","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3436730","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017789178","display_name":"Abhishek Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-6347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abhishek Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehigh University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-6347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehigh University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080245918","display_name":"Shail Dave","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-3938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shail Dave","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075075587","display_name":"Pantea Zardoshti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-6398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantea Zardoshti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehigh University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-6398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehigh University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090123220","display_name":"Robert Brotzman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Brotzman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100739850","display_name":"Chao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8260-1210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehigh University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehigh University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028757963","display_name":"Xiaochen Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-0412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaochen Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehigh University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehigh University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044172378","display_name":"Aviral Shrivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1075-897X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aviral Shrivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010830558","display_name":"Gang Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-6091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017374713","display_name":"Michael Spear","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7681-5877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Spear","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehigh University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehigh University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017789178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7072,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70167771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9218317270278931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5518444776535034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.51311856508255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locality","display_name":"Locality","score":0.5084549188613892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generality","display_name":"Generality","score":0.4870193600654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.465027779340744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-address","display_name":"Memory address","score":0.4413694143295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.40859222412109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3574921488761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2907487750053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.09843459725379944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9218317270278931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5518444776535034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.51311856508255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.5084549188613892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780767217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421","display_name":"Generality","level":2,"score":0.4870193600654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.465027779340744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153247305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835713","display_name":"Memory address","level":3,"score":0.4413694143295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.40859222412109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3574921488761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2907487750053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.09843459725379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3436730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3436730","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3436730","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3436730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3436730","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3436730","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3325973141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1723571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4178133345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1750826","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5391017766","display_name":"CAREER: Revamping the Memory Systems for Efficient Data Movement","funder_award_id":"1750826","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6087178361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1723624, CCF-1750826,CCF-1723476,CNS-1525855,CCF-1723571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7455294567","display_name":"CAPA: Collaborative Research: Lightweight Abstract Memory Features","funder_award_id":"1723476","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7772818242","display_name":"CAPA: Collaborative Research: Lightweight Abstract Memory Features","funder_award_id":"1723624","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G796623002","display_name":"CAPA: Collaborative Research: Lightweight Abstract Memory Features","funder_award_id":"1723571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309835","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310365","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310419","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3117042881.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3117042881.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123305098","https://openalex.org/W1427174644","https://openalex.org/W1488058190","https://openalex.org/W1503814339","https://openalex.org/W1613874182","https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W1934458198","https://openalex.org/W1977857710","https://openalex.org/W1988852271","https://openalex.org/W1992291252","https://openalex.org/W1992755462","https://openalex.org/W2041135949","https://openalex.org/W2044194513","https://openalex.org/W2079726719","https://openalex.org/W2099912705","https://openalex.org/W2103289002","https://openalex.org/W2113637091","https://openalex.org/W2119028650","https://openalex.org/W2128938762","https://openalex.org/W2131202839","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2149129840","https://openalex.org/W2149590159","https://openalex.org/W2155500238","https://openalex.org/W2157808045","https://openalex.org/W2166266685","https://openalex.org/W2170382128","https://openalex.org/W2172060328","https://openalex.org/W2293441536","https://openalex.org/W2339360369","https://openalex.org/W2593354228","https://openalex.org/W2604204172","https://openalex.org/W2725159389","https://openalex.org/W2733045287","https://openalex.org/W2761955225","https://openalex.org/W2810584084","https://openalex.org/W2883613460","https://openalex.org/W2903910116","https://openalex.org/W2911307284","https://openalex.org/W2963311060","https://openalex.org/W2963622657","https://openalex.org/W3101300690","https://openalex.org/W3161081806","https://openalex.org/W4230336775","https://openalex.org/W4247352113","https://openalex.org/W4249535884","https://openalex.org/W4253788475","https://openalex.org/W4292760868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045049461","https://openalex.org/W4381094582","https://openalex.org/W1978893398","https://openalex.org/W1977906818","https://openalex.org/W2201908702","https://openalex.org/W2369625323","https://openalex.org/W2364579609","https://openalex.org/W1522139108","https://openalex.org/W2353528968","https://openalex.org/W1987342910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"General-purpose":[0],"computing":[1],"systems":[2],"employ":[3],"memory":[4],"hierarchies":[5],"to":[6,41,56],"provide":[7],"the":[8,60],"appearance":[9],"of":[10,59],"a":[11,36,42,50],"single":[12],"large,":[13],"fast,":[14],"coherent":[15],"memory.":[16,92],"In":[17,27],"special-purpose":[18],"CPUs,":[19],"programmers":[20],"manually":[21],"manage":[22],"distinct,":[23],"non-coherent":[24],"scratchpad":[25,40,47],"memories.":[26],"this":[28],"article,":[29],"we":[30],"combine":[31],"these":[32],"mechanisms":[33],"by":[34],"adding":[35],"virtually":[37],"addressed,":[38],"set-associative":[39],"general":[43],"purpose":[44],"CPU.":[45],"Our":[46],"exists":[48],"alongside":[49],"traditional":[51,65],"cache":[52],"and":[53,78],"is":[54],"able":[55],"avoid":[57],"many":[58],"programming":[61],"challenges":[62],"associated":[63],"with":[64,84,90],"scratchpads":[66],"without":[67],"sacrificing":[68],"generality":[69],"(e.g.,":[70],"virtualization).":[71],"Furthermore,":[72],"our":[73],"design":[74],"delivers":[75],"increased":[76],"security":[77],"improves":[79],"performance,":[80],"especially":[81],"for":[82],"workloads":[83],"high":[85],"locality":[86],"or":[87],"that":[88],"interact":[89],"nonvolatile":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-01-05T00:00:00"}
