{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3178975314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433606","title":"How to Analyze, Preserve, and Communicate Leonardo's Drawing? A Solution to Visualize in RTR Fine Art Graphics Established from \u201cthe Best Sense\u201d","display_name":"How to Analyze, Preserve, and Communicate Leonardo's Drawing? A Solution to Visualize in RTR Fine Art Graphics Established from \u201cthe Best Sense\u201d","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3178975314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433606","mag":"3178975314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3433606","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184050","display_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","issn_l":"1556-4673","issn":["1556-4673","1556-4711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3433606","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084142489","display_name":"Fabrizio Ivan Apollonio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5186-1378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Ivan Apollonio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032196786","display_name":"Riccardo Foschi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-8133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Foschi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021962825","display_name":"Marco Gaiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1674-0874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Gaiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016659120","display_name":"Simone Garagnani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9509-6564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Garagnani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2902,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83100144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12650","display_name":"Aesthetic Perception and Analysis","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.7328503131866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.6940301060676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6780157685279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5260909795761108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.4766550660133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.47561341524124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.459891140460968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.42088013887405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.41721421480178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.3328724503517151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23030129075050354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.7328503131866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.6940301060676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6780157685279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5260909795761108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.4766550660133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.47561341524124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.459891140460968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.42088013887405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.41721421480178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3328724503517151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23030129075050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3433606","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184050","display_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","issn_l":"1556-4673","issn":["1556-4673","1556-4711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/827385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3433606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.uniurb.it:11576/2726161","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11576/2726161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196377","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research information system (University of Urbino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190397597","host_organization_name":"University of Urbino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190397597"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/827385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3433606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23175853","https://openalex.org/W339430800","https://openalex.org/W349531168","https://openalex.org/W570133241","https://openalex.org/W1486787228","https://openalex.org/W1562759821","https://openalex.org/W1564611446","https://openalex.org/W1569050018","https://openalex.org/W1966385659","https://openalex.org/W1975089519","https://openalex.org/W2005049986","https://openalex.org/W2006958056","https://openalex.org/W2025890843","https://openalex.org/W2030294980","https://openalex.org/W2037914589","https://openalex.org/W2038800572","https://openalex.org/W2040692352","https://openalex.org/W2075881548","https://openalex.org/W2082071958","https://openalex.org/W2083926174","https://openalex.org/W2095327637","https://openalex.org/W2100468662","https://openalex.org/W2109627506","https://openalex.org/W2118598045","https://openalex.org/W2146906383","https://openalex.org/W2147364471","https://openalex.org/W2154544723","https://openalex.org/W2155482699","https://openalex.org/W2155918446","https://openalex.org/W2160203169","https://openalex.org/W2167906747","https://openalex.org/W2402026173","https://openalex.org/W2483864833","https://openalex.org/W2521823646","https://openalex.org/W2610253785","https://openalex.org/W2754297360","https://openalex.org/W2766270335","https://openalex.org/W2766651196","https://openalex.org/W2775021395","https://openalex.org/W2802980866","https://openalex.org/W2809144670","https://openalex.org/W2912200409","https://openalex.org/W2963748069","https://openalex.org/W3000666251","https://openalex.org/W3011093657","https://openalex.org/W3014359818","https://openalex.org/W4205432929","https://openalex.org/W4248529434","https://openalex.org/W4250497896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381850946","https://openalex.org/W4380449851","https://openalex.org/W1981780420","https://openalex.org/W2182707996","https://openalex.org/W45233828","https://openalex.org/W2964988449","https://openalex.org/W3125091513","https://openalex.org/W188202134","https://openalex.org/W4318832338","https://openalex.org/W2397952901"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Original":[0],"hand":[1],"drawings":[2,73,229],"by":[3,175],"Leonardo":[4,76,151],"are":[5,38,182,223,239],"astonishing":[6],"collections":[7],"of":[8,12,16,25,103,121,130,145,167,171,180,195,199,220,227,233,248],"knowledge,":[9],"superb":[10],"representations":[11],"the":[13,20,26,79,84,86,122,124,128,142,148,165,186,193,200,203,221,234,249],"artist's":[14],"way":[15],"working,":[17],"which":[18,178],"proves":[19],"technical":[21],"and":[22,34,42,69,113,162,206,230,237,245],"cultural":[23],"peak":[24],"Renaissance":[27],"era.":[28],"However,":[29],"due":[30],"to":[31,40,44,60,65,98,202,209,242],"their":[32,207],"delicate":[33],"fragile":[35],"nature,":[36],"they":[37],"hard":[39],"manipulate":[41],"compulsory":[43],"preserve.":[45],"To":[46],"overcome":[47],"this":[48],"problem":[49],"we":[50],"developed,":[51],"in":[52,177],"a":[53,57,62,99,118,160,214],"10-year-long":[54],"research":[55],"program,":[56],"complete":[58],"workflow":[59],"produce":[61],"system":[63],"able":[64],"replace,":[66],"investigate,":[67],"describe":[68],"communicate":[70],"ancient":[71],"fine":[72],"through":[74],"what":[75],"calls":[77],"\u201c":[78],"best":[80],"sense":[81],"\u201d":[82],"(i.e.,":[83],"view),":[85],"so-called":[87],"ISLe":[88],"(":[89],"InSightLeonardo":[90],").":[91],"The":[92],"outcoming":[93],"visualization":[94],"app":[95],"is":[96,139,164],"targeted":[97],"wide":[100],"audience":[101],"made":[102],"museum":[104],"visitors":[105],"and,":[106],"most":[107,149],"importantly,":[108],"art":[109],"historians,":[110],"scholars,":[111],"conservators,":[112],"restorers.":[114],"This":[115,137],"article":[116],"describes":[117],"specific":[119],"feature":[120],"workflow:":[123],"appearance":[125],"modeling":[126],"with":[127],"aim":[129],"an":[131,168],"accurate":[132,169],"Real-Time":[133],"Rendering":[134],"(RTR)":[135],"visualization.":[136],"development":[138,222],"based":[140],"on":[141,225],"direct":[143],"observation":[144],"five":[146,226],"among":[147],"known":[150],"da":[152],"Vinci's":[153],"drawings,":[154],"spanning":[155],"his":[156],"entire":[157],"activity":[158],"as":[159],"draftsman,":[161],"it":[163],"result":[166],"analysis":[170],"drawing":[172],"materials":[173,181],"used":[174],"Leonardo,":[176],"peculiarities":[179],"digitally":[183],"reproduced":[184],"at":[185],"various":[187],"scales":[188],"exploiting":[189],"solutions":[190],"that":[191],"favor":[192],"accuracy":[194],"perceived":[196],"reproduction":[197],"instead":[198],"fidelity":[201],"physical":[204],"model":[205],"ability":[208],"be":[210],"efficiently":[211],"implemented":[212],"over":[213],"standard":[215],"GPU-accelerated":[216],"RTR":[217],"pipeline.":[218],"Results":[219],"exemplified":[224],"Leonardo's":[228],"multiple":[231],"evaluations":[232],"results,":[235],"subjective":[236],"objective,":[238],"illustrated,":[240],"aiming":[241],"assess":[243],"potential":[244],"critical":[246],"issues":[247],"application.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
