{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3172666603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433210.3437516","title":"Non-Equivocation in Blockchain: Double-Authentication-Preventing Signatures Gone Contractual","display_name":"Non-Equivocation in Blockchain: Double-Authentication-Preventing Signatures Gone Contractual","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3172666603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433210.3437516","mag":"3172666603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3433210.3437516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433210.3437516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8407&context=sis_research","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038699052","display_name":"Yannan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4407-9027"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yannan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054741725","display_name":"Willy Susilo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1562-5105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willy Susilo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091475823","display_name":"Guomin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-7738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guomin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419998","display_name":"Yong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-2439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048063696","display_name":"Tran Viet Xuan Phuong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-6714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tran Viet Xuan Phuong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004490190","display_name":"Dongxi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-2571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I42894916"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"859","last_page":"871"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivocation","display_name":"Equivocation","score":0.9791780710220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.74887615442276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.668592095375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6519471406936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6120827794075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.47422242164611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4266001284122467}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17859611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10797615","display_name":"Equivocation","level":2,"score":0.9791780710220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.74887615442276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.668592095375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6519471406936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6120827794075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.47422242164611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4266001284122467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3433210.3437516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433210.3437516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8407&context=sis_research","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://doi.org/10.1145/3433210.3437516","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:test2021-2775","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/test2021/1766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Test Series for Scopus Harvesting 2021","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27807654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Non-Equivocation_in_Blockchain_Double-Authentication-Preventing_Signatures_Gone_Contractual/27807654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8407&context=sis_research","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://doi.org/10.1145/3433210.3437516","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111114747","https://openalex.org/W1534388293","https://openalex.org/W1547283663","https://openalex.org/W1553314411","https://openalex.org/W1965857274","https://openalex.org/W1970606468","https://openalex.org/W1975596632","https://openalex.org/W1977902874","https://openalex.org/W1997820219","https://openalex.org/W2031015560","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2138001464","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2150509722","https://openalex.org/W2338654096","https://openalex.org/W2592624259","https://openalex.org/W2595976459","https://openalex.org/W2671457145","https://openalex.org/W2696578222","https://openalex.org/W2765292365","https://openalex.org/W2794780961","https://openalex.org/W2795026353","https://openalex.org/W2828755943","https://openalex.org/W2963997141","https://openalex.org/W4210896998","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6678832241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W2884693032","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W2022034366","https://openalex.org/W4303984095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Equivocation":[0],"is":[1,91,160],"one":[2],"of":[3,38,88,125,155,172],"the":[4,50,77,82,143,147],"most":[5],"fundamental":[6],"problems":[7],"that":[8,150],"need":[9],"to":[10,19,48,61,109,114,117,167],"be":[11,74,118,165],"solved":[12],"when":[13],"designing":[14],"distributed":[15],"protocols.":[16],"Traditional":[17],"methods":[18],"defeat":[20],"equivocation":[21],"rely":[22],"on":[23,128],"trusted":[24],"hardware":[25],"or":[26],"particular":[27],"assumptions,":[28],"which":[29,65,100],"may":[30],"hinder":[31],"their":[32],"adoption":[33],"in":[34,142],"practice.":[35],"The":[36,86],"advent":[37],"blockchain":[39],"and":[40,134,163],"decentralized":[41],"cryptocurrencies":[42],"provides":[43],"an":[44],"auspicious":[45],"breakthrough":[46],"paradigm":[47],"resolve":[49],"problem":[51],"above.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56],"propose":[57],"a":[58,92,103,107,115,122,139],"blockchain-based":[59],"solution":[60,90],"address":[62],"contractual":[63],"equivocation,":[64,156],"supports":[66],"user-defined":[67],"fine-grained":[68],"policy-based":[69],"equivocation.":[70,173],"Specifically,":[71],"users":[72],"will":[73],"de-incentive":[75],"if":[76],"statements":[78,112],"they":[79],"made":[80],"breach":[81],"predefined":[83],"access":[84],"rules.":[85],"core":[87],"our":[89,157],"newly":[93],"introduced":[94],"primitive":[95],"named":[96],"Policy-Authentication-Preventing":[97],"Signature":[98],"(PoAPS),":[99],"combined":[101],"with":[102,146,169],"deposit":[104],"mechanism":[105],"allows":[106],"signer":[108],"make":[110],"conflict":[111],"corresponding":[113],"policy":[116],"penalized.":[119],"We":[120],"present":[121],"generic":[123,162],"construction":[124],"PoAPS":[126],"based":[127],"Policy-Based":[129],"Verifiable":[130],"Secret":[131],"Sharing":[132],"(PBVSS)":[133],"demonstrate":[135],"its":[136],"practicality":[137],"via":[138],"concrete":[140],"implementation":[141],"blockchain.":[144],"Compared":[145],"existing":[148],"solutions":[149],"only":[151],"handle":[152],"specific":[153],"types":[154],"proposed":[158],"approach":[159],"more":[161],"can":[164],"instantiated":[166],"deal":[168],"various":[170],"kinds":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}