{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127451336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433174.3433615","title":"Detection of False Command and Response Injection Attacks for Cyber Physical Systems Security and Resilience","display_name":"Detection of False Command and Response Injection Attacks for Cyber Physical Systems Security and Resilience","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127451336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433174.3433615","mag":"3127451336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3433174.3433615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433174.3433615","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"13th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038718470","display_name":"Hope Nkiruka Eke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-8212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hope Eke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert Gordon University, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Gordon University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040494006","display_name":"Andrei Petrovski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-2791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrei Petrovski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert Gordon University, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Gordon University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011743959","display_name":"Hatem Ahriz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-3886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatem Ahriz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert Gordon University, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Gordon University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scada","display_name":"SCADA","score":0.8620574474334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.6807752251625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6477470397949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6429377198219299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6343623995780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.5747038722038269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.5300231575965881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/command-and-control","display_name":"Command and control","score":0.5080134868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-controls","display_name":"Security controls","score":0.4497706890106201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-attack","display_name":"Cyber-attack","score":0.44966283440589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.43689489364624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4193483591079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3573787212371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.34050384163856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33454403281211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2309519648551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.19603514671325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113863187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17498","display_name":"SCADA","level":2,"score":0.8620574474334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.6807752251625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6477470397949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6429377198219299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6343623995780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.5747038722038269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5300231575965881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506615639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21662260","display_name":"Command and control","level":2,"score":0.5080134868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632136","display_name":"Security controls","level":3,"score":0.4497706890106201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201307755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber-attack","level":2,"score":0.44966283440589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.43689489364624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4193483591079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3573787212371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.34050384163856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33454403281211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2309519648551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.19603514671325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3433174.3433615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433174.3433615","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"13th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015452969","https://openalex.org/W2027860007","https://openalex.org/W2142993476","https://openalex.org/W2293185259","https://openalex.org/W2330194958","https://openalex.org/W2481916066","https://openalex.org/W2562319768","https://openalex.org/W2579603034","https://openalex.org/W2807187067","https://openalex.org/W2909120408","https://openalex.org/W2939335638","https://openalex.org/W3023621361","https://openalex.org/W3045927434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2516092834","https://openalex.org/W2309980522","https://openalex.org/W2187618570","https://openalex.org/W4252573951","https://openalex.org/W2902958991","https://openalex.org/W1980447405","https://openalex.org/W2961381604","https://openalex.org/W2615554433","https://openalex.org/W2801513872","https://openalex.org/W2028140520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"operational":[1,180],"cyber-physical":[2],"system":[3,32,45,65,83,119],"(CPS)":[4],"state,":[5],"safety":[6,14,189],"and":[7,15,39,46,88,108,120,127,177,183,190],"resource":[8],"availability":[9],"is":[10,196],"impacted":[11],"by":[12,162,187],"the":[13,31,54,139,163,171,188,199],"security":[16,76,191],"measures":[17,192],"in":[18,193,202],"place.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"focused":[22],"on":[23,132],"i)":[24,99],"command":[25,126],"injection":[26,35,49,129],"(CI)":[27],"attack":[28,155],"that":[29,52,138,152],"alters":[30],"behaviour":[33],"through":[34],"of":[36,125,148,154,165,173,179],"false":[37,62],"control":[38,44,82,118],"configuration":[40],"commands":[41],"into":[42],"a":[43,103,109,122,143],"ii)":[47,121],"response":[48,55,128],"(RI)":[50],"attacks":[51,145],"modifies":[53],"from":[56],"server":[57],"to":[58,170,198],"client,":[59],"thereby":[60],"providing":[61],"information":[63],"about":[64],"state.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68,93,133],"project,":[69],"we":[70,136],"implemented":[71],"deep":[72],"learning":[73],"(DL)":[74],"multi-layered":[75],"model":[77],"approach":[78,94,141],"for":[79],"securing":[80],"industrial":[81],"(ICS)":[84],"against":[85],"malicious":[86],"CI":[87],"RI":[89],"attacks.":[90,130],"We":[91],"validated":[92],"with":[95,168],"two":[96],"case":[97,123],"studies:":[98],"network":[100,166],"transactions":[101,167],"between":[102],"Remote":[104],"Terminal":[105],"Unit":[106,112],"(RTU)":[107],"Master":[110],"Control":[111],"(MTU)":[113],"in-house":[114],"SCADA":[115],"gas":[116],"pipeline":[117],"study":[124],"Based":[131],"project":[134],"result,":[135],"show":[137],"proposed":[140],"achieved":[142],"significant":[144],"detection":[146,156],"capability":[147],"96.50%.":[149],"Also,":[150],"demonstrated":[151],"performance":[153,184],"techniques":[157],"applied":[158],"can":[159],"be":[160],"influences":[161],"nature":[164],"respect":[169],"domain":[172],"application.":[174],"Hence,":[175],"robustness":[176],"resilience":[178],"CPS":[181,200],"state":[182],"are":[185],"influenced":[186],"place":[194],"which":[195],"specific":[197],"device":[201],"question.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}