{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3177276238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430665.3456347","title":"The Relationship of CS Attitudes, Perceptions of Collaboration, and Pair Programming Strategies on Upper Elementary Students' CS Learning","display_name":"The Relationship of CS Attitudes, Perceptions of Collaboration, and Pair Programming Strategies on Upper Elementary Students' CS Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3177276238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430665.3456347","mag":"3177276238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3430665.3456347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430665.3456347","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3430665.3456347","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3430665.3456347","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063987260","display_name":"Jessica Vandenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6497-1840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Vandenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054899789","display_name":"Arif Rachmatullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-0477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arif Rachmatullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015273609","display_name":"Collin Lynch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6958-9368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Collin Lynch","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549993","display_name":"Kristy Elizabeth Boyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-3450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristy Elizabeth Boyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088202585","display_name":"Eric Wiebe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-5225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Wiebe","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063987260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2171,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83017493,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"46","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pair-programming","display_name":"Pair programming","score":0.7567102909088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.7043412923812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.598244309425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-programming","display_name":"Computer programming","score":0.5269247889518738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5097017288208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.45966729521751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-thinking","display_name":"Computational thinking","score":0.4305345118045807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.28411179780960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.07510438561439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07425254583358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.07034707069396973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174063052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q607013","display_name":"Pair programming","level":4,"score":0.7567102909088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7043412923812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.598244309425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33857546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80006","display_name":"Computer programming","level":2,"score":0.5269247889518738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5097017288208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.45966729521751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780368719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157342","display_name":"Computational thinking","level":2,"score":0.4305345118045807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.28411179780960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.07510438561439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07425254583358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.07034707069396973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3430665.3456347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430665.3456347","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3430665.3456347","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3430665.3456347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430665.3456347","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3430665.3456347","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3677952834","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DRL-1721160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3177276238.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3177276238.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1822009576","https://openalex.org/W1932361122","https://openalex.org/W1971976049","https://openalex.org/W1972471605","https://openalex.org/W1986663087","https://openalex.org/W2017001529","https://openalex.org/W2029266105","https://openalex.org/W2030861192","https://openalex.org/W2035955150","https://openalex.org/W2053280819","https://openalex.org/W2054931698","https://openalex.org/W2064336958","https://openalex.org/W2077712102","https://openalex.org/W2082617672","https://openalex.org/W2106760415","https://openalex.org/W2126364303","https://openalex.org/W2148071752","https://openalex.org/W2305855202","https://openalex.org/W2397799602","https://openalex.org/W2573725780","https://openalex.org/W2592406839","https://openalex.org/W2593784202","https://openalex.org/W2783008754","https://openalex.org/W2799642446","https://openalex.org/W3005723079","https://openalex.org/W3006759238","https://openalex.org/W3036116570","https://openalex.org/W3144676829","https://openalex.org/W4233458394","https://openalex.org/W6747735044","https://openalex.org/W6981505918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006759238","https://openalex.org/W2999170271","https://openalex.org/W3129664168","https://openalex.org/W2374673904","https://openalex.org/W2361693906","https://openalex.org/W4206657856","https://openalex.org/W87097835","https://openalex.org/W1982548025","https://openalex.org/W4254802762","https://openalex.org/W2123205137"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pair":[0],"programming":[1,12,26,70,113,182,198],"is":[2],"a":[3],"popular":[4],"strategy":[5],"in":[6,65,133,151,180,196],"computer":[7,69],"science":[8],"education":[9],"to":[10,13,98],"teach":[11],"novices.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"study,":[17],"we":[18],"examined":[19],"the":[20,74,86,90,108,116,141,162,165,187,190],"effect":[21],"of":[22,68,103,110,157,171,189,194],"three":[23,37],"different":[24,111,124],"pair":[25,112,181,197],"conditions":[27,38,114,125],"on":[28,115,175],"upper":[29],"elementary":[30,100,202],"school":[31],"students'":[32,101,117,127,152,176],"CS":[33,75,78,104,118,128,138,153,178],"conceptual":[34,119,129],"understanding.":[35],"The":[36,145],"were":[39,63],"one-computer":[40],"with":[41,44,56,59],"roles":[42,49,57,135,191],"(1C":[43],"roles),":[45,52],"two":[46,54,143],"computers":[47,55,195],"without":[48],"(2C":[50,58],"no":[51,149,168],"and":[53,72,80,84,121,155,160,192],"roles).":[60],"These":[61],"students":[62,132],"engaged":[64],"four":[66],"days":[67],"activities":[71],"took":[73],"concept":[76],"assessment,":[77],"attitudes,":[79],"collaboration":[81,158],"perceptions":[82,156],"before":[83,159],"after":[85,161],"activities.":[87,163],"We":[88,106],"used":[89],"validated":[91],"E-CSCA":[92],"(Elementary":[93],"Computer":[94],"Science":[95],"Concepts":[96],"Assessment)":[97],"measure":[99],"understanding":[102,120],"concepts.":[105],"tested":[107],"relationship":[109],"found":[122],"that":[123],"impacted":[126],"understanding,":[130],"wherein":[131],"2C":[134],"demonstrated":[136],"better":[137],"learning":[139,177],"than":[140],"other":[142],"conditions.":[144],"results":[146,166],"also":[147],"showed":[148],"changes":[150],"attitudes":[154],"Furthermore,":[164],"indicated":[167],"significant":[169],"impact":[170],"these":[172],"attitudinal":[173],"factors":[174],"concepts":[179],"settings.":[183],"Our":[184],"study":[185],"highlights":[186],"importance":[188],"number":[193],"settings,":[199],"especially":[200],"for":[201],"students.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
