{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3163986502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430263.3452436","title":"The transparency of automatic accessibility evaluation tools","display_name":"The transparency of automatic accessibility evaluation tools","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3163986502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430263.3452436","mag":"3163986502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3430263.3452436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430263.3452436","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International Web for All Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016901034","display_name":"Parvaneh Parvin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6345-9404"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Parvaneh Parvin","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034820593","display_name":"Vanessa Palumbo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8008-2090"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vanessa Palumbo","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030883152","display_name":"Marco Manca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1029-9934"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Manca","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042506670","display_name":"Fabio Patern\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8355-6909"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Patern\u00f2","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIIS Laboratory, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016901034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9125,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86594465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12207","display_name":"Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-accessibility","display_name":"Web accessibility","score":0.7729470133781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7606697082519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.7535994648933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6344794034957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-accessibility-initiative","display_name":"Web Accessibility Initiative","score":0.424888014793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.38502392172813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.36721888184547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3489399552345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.28906625509262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-standards","display_name":"Web standards","score":0.2628955841064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.22331038117408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.1768149435520172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-development","display_name":"Web development","score":0.13435596227645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application-security","display_name":"Web application security","score":0.1305255889892578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194669863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808932","display_name":"Web accessibility","level":4,"score":0.7729470133781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7606697082519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.7535994648933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6344794034957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197973564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q636020","display_name":"Web Accessibility Initiative","level":5,"score":0.424888014793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.38502392172813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.36721888184547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3489399552345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.28906625509262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182321512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153289","display_name":"Web standards","level":3,"score":0.2628955841064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.22331038117408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.1768149435520172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79373723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386275","display_name":"Web development","level":3,"score":0.13435596227645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59241245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781497","display_name":"Web application security","level":4,"score":0.1305255889892578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3430263.3452436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3430263.3452436","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International Web for All Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:people______::cf398cfbe913baedf61df170b8f0a9e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055261","display_name":"ISTI Open Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:people______::cf398cfbe913baedf61df170b8f0a9e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055261","display_name":"ISTI Open Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558046676","https://openalex.org/W1964469983","https://openalex.org/W1997907270","https://openalex.org/W2059464277","https://openalex.org/W2746905041","https://openalex.org/W2991058434","https://openalex.org/W3081986719","https://openalex.org/W3129064111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183238846","https://openalex.org/W1969021471","https://openalex.org/W2945493275","https://openalex.org/W4232189795","https://openalex.org/W2766074951","https://openalex.org/W2501410850","https://openalex.org/W2558811896","https://openalex.org/W2159472163","https://openalex.org/W1598466475","https://openalex.org/W3139235312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"web":[1],"accessibility":[2,15,25,121],"evaluation":[3,26],"tools":[4,27,37],"have":[5,105],"been":[6,106],"put":[7],"forward":[8],"to":[9,69,83,87],"reduce":[10],"the":[11,32,45,51,58,73],"burden":[12],"of":[13,61,112],"identifying":[14],"barriers":[16],"for":[17,118],"disabled":[18],"people.":[19],"One":[20],"common":[21],"issue":[22],"in":[23,28],"using":[24],"practice":[29],"is":[30,66],"that":[31],"results":[33],"provided":[34],"by":[35,108],"different":[36],"are":[38],"often":[39],"variable.":[40],"Such":[41],"variability":[42],"may":[43,48],"confuse":[44],"users":[46,89],"who":[47],"not":[49],"understand":[50],"reasons":[52],"behind":[53],"it,":[54],"and":[55,86,114],"thus":[56],"limits":[57],"possible":[59],"adoption":[60],"such":[62,100],"tools.":[63],"Hence,":[64],"there":[65],"a":[67,109],"need":[68],"shed":[70],"light":[71],"on":[72],"tools'":[74],"actual":[75],"functioning,":[76],"indicate":[77],"what":[78],"criteria":[79],"they":[80,104],"should":[81],"adopt":[82],"be":[84],"transparent":[85],"help":[88],"better":[90],"interpret":[91],"their":[92],"results.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95],"communication":[96],"paper,":[97],"we":[98],"discuss":[99],"issues,":[101],"analyse":[102],"how":[103],"addressed":[107],"representative":[110],"set":[111],"tools,":[113],"provide":[115],"useful":[116],"indications":[117],"obtaining":[119],"user-centred":[120],"evaluations.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-02T08:37:19.008085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
