{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3107445645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428241","title":"Geometry types for graphics programming","display_name":"Geometry types for graphics programming","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3107445645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428241","mag":"3107445645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3428241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428241","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3428241","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3428241","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035006476","display_name":"Dietrich Geisler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dietrich Geisler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072259548","display_name":"Irene Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-1257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089687811","display_name":"Aditi Kabra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditi Kabra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008410925","display_name":"Horace He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1133-816X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Horace He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055155003","display_name":"Yinnon Sanders","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinnon Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004782337","display_name":"Adrian Sampson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-8924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrian Sampson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035006476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4483,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87847272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"OOPSLA","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6684340238571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartesian-coordinate-system","display_name":"Cartesian coordinate system","score":0.5834676027297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opengl","display_name":"OpenGL","score":0.5539754033088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coordinate-system","display_name":"Coordinate system","score":0.5289528369903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.48043251037597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.45873063802719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.45072343945503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4380209147930145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.42857247591018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.246908038854599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2038682997226715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.17896080017089844}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6684340238571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16038011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62912","display_name":"Cartesian coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.5834676027297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778305236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178570","display_name":"OpenGL","level":3,"score":0.5539754033088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80551277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11210","display_name":"Coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.5289528369903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.48043251037597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.45873063802719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.45072343945503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4380209147930145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.42857247591018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.246908038854599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2038682997226715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.17896080017089844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3428241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428241","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3428241","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3428241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428241","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3428241","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8209250081","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1845952","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3107445645.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3107445645.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579198843","https://openalex.org/W1963569294","https://openalex.org/W2037698344","https://openalex.org/W2065215368","https://openalex.org/W2118588333","https://openalex.org/W2122585444","https://openalex.org/W2156976692","https://openalex.org/W2461384540","https://openalex.org/W2621234157","https://openalex.org/W2886686348","https://openalex.org/W2914539896","https://openalex.org/W3161976119"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348720733","https://openalex.org/W2373746920","https://openalex.org/W1020620338","https://openalex.org/W1036286070","https://openalex.org/W2372486955","https://openalex.org/W2138013202","https://openalex.org/W4385733071","https://openalex.org/W2247326821","https://openalex.org/W2966740236","https://openalex.org/W2612035765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"domains":[1],"that":[2,16,27,64,78,158,174],"deal":[3],"with":[4],"physical":[5],"space":[6],"and":[7,58,76,111,132,162,185],"geometry,":[8],"programmers":[9],"need":[10],"to":[11,52,68,136,139,144,164],"track":[12],"the":[13,84,99,112,178],"coordinate":[14,32,85,113,148],"systems":[15],"underpin":[17],"a":[18,22,34,73,106,109,152],"computation.":[19],"We":[20,71,121,150],"identify":[21],"class":[23],"of":[24,101,180],"geometry":[25,80,93,160],"bugs":[26,39,81],"arise":[28],"from":[29],"confusing":[30],"which":[31],"system":[33,75,86],"vector":[35],"belongs":[36],"to.":[37],"These":[38],"are":[40,50],"not":[41],"ruled":[42],"out":[43,128],"by":[44,82],"current":[45],"languages":[46],"for":[47,54,87,154,182],"vector-oriented":[48],"computing,":[49],"difficult":[51],"check":[53],"at":[55],"run":[56],"time,":[57],"can":[59,65,126,176],"generate":[60,141],"subtly":[61],"incorrect":[62,130],"output":[63],"be":[66],"hard":[67],"test":[69],"for.":[70],"introduce":[72],"type":[74,94],"language":[77,153],"prevents":[79],"reflecting":[83],"each":[88],"geometric":[89,102],"object.":[90],"A":[91],"value's":[92],"encodes":[95],"its":[96],"reference":[97],"frame,":[98],"kind":[100],"object":[103],"(such":[104,115],"as":[105,116],"point":[107],"or":[108,118,194],"direction),":[110],"representation":[114],"Cartesian":[117],"spherical":[119],"coordinates).":[120],"show":[122,134],"how":[123,135],"these":[124],"types":[125,161],"rule":[127],"geometrically":[129],"operations,":[131],"we":[133,172],"use":[137],"them":[138],"automatically":[140],"correct-by-construction":[142],"code":[143],"transform":[145],"vectors":[146],"between":[147],"systems.":[149],"implement":[151],"graphics":[155],"programming,":[156],"Gator,":[157],"checks":[159],"compiles":[163],"OpenGL's":[165],"shading":[166],"language,":[167],"GLSL.":[168],"Using":[169],"case":[170],"studies,":[171],"demonstrate":[173],"Gator":[175],"raise":[177],"level":[179],"abstraction":[181],"shader":[183],"programming":[184],"prevent":[186],"common":[187],"errors":[188],"without":[189],"inducing":[190],"significant":[191],"annotation":[192],"overhead":[193],"performance":[195],"cost.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
