{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093817880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423642","title":"AS-Path Prepending","display_name":"AS-Path Prepending","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093817880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423642","mag":"3093817880"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3419394.3423642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423642","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14183","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006577568","display_name":"Pedro Marcos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7547-5674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52179390","display_name":"University of Waikato","ror":"https://ror.org/013fsnh78","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR","NZ","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Marcos","raw_affiliation_strings":["FURG","CAIDA, UC San Diego","MPI for Informatics","University of Waikato","UFRGS"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FURG","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MPI for Informatics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waikato","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UFRGS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067409898","display_name":"Lars Prehn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0942-9962"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Prehn","raw_affiliation_strings":["MPI for Informatics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MPI for Informatics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063377793","display_name":"Lucas dos Santos Leal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Leal","raw_affiliation_strings":["UFRGS"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UFRGS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040042401","display_name":"Alberto Dainotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6444-5656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Dainotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, UC San Diego"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027274731","display_name":"Anja Feldmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5530-6993"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anja Feldmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["MPI for Informatics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MPI for Informatics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023690641","display_name":"Marinho Barcellos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1505-6408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52179390","display_name":"University of Waikato","ror":"https://ror.org/013fsnh78","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marinho Barcellos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waikato"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waikato","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006577568"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723","https://openalex.org/I2800935791","https://openalex.org/I52179390"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9711,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78523629,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"506","last_page":"520"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7107296586036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.682000458240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.6284432411193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefix","display_name":"Prefix","score":0.5890657305717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5673762559890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5602629780769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipv4","display_name":"IPv4","score":0.5034701228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4945504367351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue","display_name":"Revenue","score":0.4644831120967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equal-cost-multi-path-routing","display_name":"Equal-cost multi-path routing","score":0.4574089050292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4276280403137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.3473204970359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.3079777956008911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipv6","display_name":"IPv6","score":0.17346149682998657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1527109146118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12301239371299744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.10854563117027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.10676902532577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.0838325023651123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7107296586036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.682000458240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6284432411193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141603448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134830","display_name":"Prefix","level":2,"score":0.5890657305717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5673762559890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5602629780769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11103","display_name":"IPv4","level":4,"score":0.5034701228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4945504367351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.4644831120967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115443555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5367790","display_name":"Equal-cost multi-path routing","level":5,"score":0.4574089050292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4276280403137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.3473204970359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.3079777956008911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84555802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2551624","display_name":"IPv6","level":3,"score":0.17346149682998657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1527109146118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12301239371299744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.10854563117027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.10676902532577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0838325023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3419394.3423642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423642","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz:10289/14183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14183","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400944","display_name":"Research Commons (University of Waikato)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52179390","host_organization_name":"University of Waikato","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IMC '20","raw_type":"Conference Contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz:10289/14183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14183","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400944","display_name":"Research Commons (University of Waikato)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52179390","host_organization_name":"University of Waikato","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IMC '20","raw_type":"Conference Contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4629012003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1705024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093817880.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093817880.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142905850","https://openalex.org/W187117428","https://openalex.org/W1492284411","https://openalex.org/W1964610362","https://openalex.org/W1978404018","https://openalex.org/W2055241621","https://openalex.org/W2071786013","https://openalex.org/W2073790019","https://openalex.org/W2092233407","https://openalex.org/W2096453981","https://openalex.org/W2101334321","https://openalex.org/W2103117727","https://openalex.org/W2107542861","https://openalex.org/W2107754621","https://openalex.org/W2139573484","https://openalex.org/W2164511281","https://openalex.org/W2269996227","https://openalex.org/W2461239771","https://openalex.org/W2501673088","https://openalex.org/W2743636887","https://openalex.org/W2744660401","https://openalex.org/W2861050098","https://openalex.org/W2895447227","https://openalex.org/W2898099973","https://openalex.org/W2900101584","https://openalex.org/W2903158016","https://openalex.org/W2951314400","https://openalex.org/W2963283811","https://openalex.org/W2980910426","https://openalex.org/W2981117838","https://openalex.org/W2993887313","https://openalex.org/W3011172866","https://openalex.org/W3122633980","https://openalex.org/W3162417966","https://openalex.org/W4250514170","https://openalex.org/W6629573255","https://openalex.org/W6640380507","https://openalex.org/W6693660606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108305519","https://openalex.org/W2347665962","https://openalex.org/W2138640781","https://openalex.org/W3035942111","https://openalex.org/W2162880363","https://openalex.org/W2001312276","https://openalex.org/W2351097701","https://openalex.org/W1971663816","https://openalex.org/W2555559350","https://openalex.org/W4237143639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Inbound":[0],"traffic":[1],"engineering":[2],"(ITE)---the":[3],"process":[4],"of":[5,41,61],"announcing":[6],"routes":[7],"to,":[8],"e.g.,":[9],"maximize":[10],"revenue":[11],"or":[12],"minimize":[13],"congestion---is":[14],"an":[15,27],"essential":[16],"task":[17],"for":[18],"Autonomous":[19],"Systems":[20],"(ASes).":[21],"AS":[22],"Path":[23],"Prepending":[24],"(ASPP)":[25],"is":[26],"easy":[28],"to":[29,45],"use":[30],"and":[31],"well-known":[32],"ITE":[33],"technique":[34],"that":[35,53],"routing":[36,49],"manuals":[37],"show":[38],"as":[39],"one":[40],"the":[42],"first":[43],"alternatives":[44],"influence":[46],"other":[47],"ASes'":[48],"decisions.":[50],"We":[51],"observe":[52],"origin":[54],"ASes":[55],"currently":[56],"prepend":[57],"more":[58],"than":[59],"25%":[60],"all":[62],"IPv4":[63],"prefixes.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2020-10-29T00:00:00"}