{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185855491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3418355","title":"Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Networks for Breast Cancer Detection Using Ultrasound Images","display_name":"Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Networks for Breast Cancer Detection Using Ultrasound Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185855491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3418355","mag":"3185855491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3418355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3418355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97833917","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet Technology","issn_l":"1533-5399","issn":["1533-5399","1557-6051"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045359397","display_name":"Mehedi Masud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6019-7245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehedi Masud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037865550","display_name":"M. Shamim Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-9422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Shamim Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Chair of Pervasive and Mobile Computing, and Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Chair of Pervasive and Mobile Computing, and Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028012999","display_name":"Hesham Alhumyani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-9995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hesham Alhumyani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056285183","display_name":"Sultan S. Alshamrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8194-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sultan S. Alshamrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014913261","display_name":"Omar Cheikhrouhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Cheikhrouhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044827655","display_name":"Saleh Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7135-9366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleh Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taif University and Cairo University, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taif University and Cairo University, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080711681","display_name":"Ghulam Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-3969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033916750","display_name":"Amr E. Eldin Rashed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-4517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr E. Eldin Rashed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071261948","display_name":"Brij B. Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143578492","display_name":"Asia University","ror":"https://ror.org/038a1tp19","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. B. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology and Asia University, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology and Asia University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98035102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8801369667053223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7288981080055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7284444570541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5996286869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-gradient-descent","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","score":0.583859920501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.5726287364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5343363285064697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4887392520904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4784274697303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4758427143096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-ultrasound","display_name":"Breast ultrasound","score":0.466859370470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41121339797973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.33976173400878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.28781455755233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.09606033563613892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8801369667053223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7288981080055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7284444570541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5996286869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206688291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617819","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.583859920501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.5726287364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5343363285064697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4887392520904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4784274697303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4758427143096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777423100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1888238","display_name":"Breast ultrasound","level":5,"score":0.466859370470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41121339797973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.33976173400878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.28781455755233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09606033563613892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3418355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3418355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97833917","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet Technology","issn_l":"1533-5399","issn":["1533-5399","1557-6051"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980636884","https://openalex.org/W2108499612","https://openalex.org/W2156722871","https://openalex.org/W2160949640","https://openalex.org/W2521537533","https://openalex.org/W2524898498","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2604228884","https://openalex.org/W2616247523","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2622826443","https://openalex.org/W2786590621","https://openalex.org/W2788633781","https://openalex.org/W2796518500","https://openalex.org/W2802203891","https://openalex.org/W2806402730","https://openalex.org/W2807103388","https://openalex.org/W2807416830","https://openalex.org/W2890017719","https://openalex.org/W2890325102","https://openalex.org/W2902172882","https://openalex.org/W2902319104","https://openalex.org/W2907355811","https://openalex.org/W2912555763","https://openalex.org/W2915149867","https://openalex.org/W2918087949","https://openalex.org/W2949650786","https://openalex.org/W2949667497","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2972574169","https://openalex.org/W2982310474","https://openalex.org/W2999573949","https://openalex.org/W3005546201","https://openalex.org/W3081817842","https://openalex.org/W3102564565","https://openalex.org/W4296886862"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W4313906399","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W2811106690","https://openalex.org/W4239306820","https://openalex.org/W2947043951","https://openalex.org/W2318112981","https://openalex.org/W4385609682","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W4225147082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Volunteer":[0],"computing":[1,17],"based":[2,116],"data":[3],"processing":[4],"is":[5,31,67,79,257],"a":[6,68,141,219,226,275],"new":[7],"trend":[8],"in":[9,39,235,249],"healthcare":[10,265],"applications.":[11],"Researchers":[12],"are":[13,89],"now":[14,90],"leveraging":[15],"volunteer":[16],"power":[18],"to":[19,173,186,232,277],"train":[20],"deep":[21],"learning":[22,87],"networks":[23],"consisting":[24],"of":[25,27,37,46,53,58,70,74,84,104,150,229],"billions":[26],"parameters.":[28],"Breast":[29],"cancer":[30,47,60,94,121,254,280],"the":[32,50,56,101,129,144,177,183,211,236,246,261],"second":[33],"most":[34],"common":[35],"cause":[36],"death":[38,51],"women":[40],"among":[41],"cancers.":[42,188],"The":[43,239],"early":[44,82],"detection":[45,71,83,95],"may":[48],"diminish":[49],"risk":[52],"patients.":[54,105,255],"Since":[55],"diagnosis":[57,77],"breast":[59,120,253,279],"manually":[61],"takes":[62],"lengthy":[63],"time":[64],"and":[65,96,139,159,169,196,203,252,269,273],"there":[66],"scarcity":[69],"systems,":[72],"development":[73],"an":[75],"automatic":[76],"system":[78],"needed":[80],"for":[81,93,99,118,132],"cancer.":[85],"Machine":[86],"models":[88,117,131,155,178],"widely":[91],"used":[92],"prediction":[97],"research":[98],"improving":[100],"successive":[102],"therapy":[103],"Considering":[106],"this":[107,109],"need,":[108],"study":[110],"implements":[111],"pre-trained":[112,130,154,237],"convolutional":[113,221],"neural":[114,222],"network":[115,223],"detecting":[119],"using":[122,156,210,245],"ultrasound":[123,137,184],"images.":[124],"In":[125],"particular,":[126],"we":[127,166],"tuned":[128],"extracting":[133],"key":[134,180],"features":[135,181],"from":[136,182],"images":[138,185],"included":[140],"classifier":[142],"on":[143],"top":[145],"layer.":[146],"We":[147,189,216],"measured":[148],"accuracy":[149,200,209,244],"seven":[151],"popular":[152],"state-of-the-art":[153],"different":[157],"optimizers":[158],"hyper-parameters":[160],"through":[161],"fivefold":[162],"cross":[163],"validation.":[164],"Moreover,":[165],"consider":[167],"Grad-CAM":[168],"occlusion":[170],"mapping":[171],"techniques":[172],"examine":[174],"how":[175],"well":[176],"extract":[179],"detect":[187],"observe":[190],"that":[191,260],"after":[192],"fine":[193],"tuning,":[194],"DenseNet201":[195],"ResNet50":[197],"show":[198],"100%":[199,208,243],"with":[201,225,267],"Adam":[202,247],"RMSprop":[204],"optimizers.":[205],"VGG16":[206],"shows":[207,242],"Stochastic":[212],"Gradient":[213],"Descent":[214],"optimizer.":[215],"also":[217,241],"develop":[218],"custom":[220],"model":[224,240,262],"smaller":[227],"number":[228],"layers":[230,234],"compared":[231],"large":[233],"models.":[238],"optimizer":[248],"classifying":[250],"healthy":[251],"It":[256],"our":[258],"belief":[259],"will":[263],"assist":[264],"experts":[266],"improved":[268],"faster":[270],"patient":[271],"screening":[272],"pave":[274],"way":[276],"further":[278],"research.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
