{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118037924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3412841.3442038","title":"A decentralized dynamic PKI based on blockchain","display_name":"A decentralized dynamic PKI based on blockchain","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118037924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3412841.3442038","mag":"3118037924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3412841.3442038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3412841.3442038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.15351","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008385924","display_name":"Mohsen Toorani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3769-5307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Toorani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund University, Lund, Sweden","Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044464349","display_name":"Christian Gehrmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8003-200X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Gehrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund University, Lund, Sweden","Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01200788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1646","last_page":"1655"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-infrastructure","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","score":0.9384737014770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revocation","display_name":"Revocation","score":0.9223130941390991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revocation-list","display_name":"Revocation list","score":0.8687681555747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7236419916152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6696935892105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate-authority","display_name":"Certificate authority","score":0.6480869054794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6288291215896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-certificate","display_name":"Public key certificate","score":0.5876091718673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.5550586581230164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4703890085220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signature","display_name":"Digital signature","score":0.4676121473312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate","display_name":"Certificate","score":0.4624860882759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3712630867958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.11082783341407776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0951615571975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.07806408405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.06863772869110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.06292858719825745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72648740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658476","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","level":4,"score":0.9384737014770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775892892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509517","display_name":"Revocation","level":3,"score":0.9223130941390991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147296133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196765","display_name":"Revocation list","level":5,"score":0.8687681555747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7236419916152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6696935892105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93636275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196776","display_name":"Certificate authority","level":4,"score":0.6480869054794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6288291215896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167529545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274758","display_name":"Public key certificate","level":4,"score":0.5876091718673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.5550586581230164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4703890085220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118463975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220849","display_name":"Digital signature","level":3,"score":0.4676121473312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.4624860882759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3712630867958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.11082783341407776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0951615571975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.07806408405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06863772869110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.06292858719825745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3412841.3442038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3412841.3442038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2012.15351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.15351","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.15351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3118037924","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.15351.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:c7e94129-4fd3-41d8-a770-fbbf36a4b581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c7e94129-4fd3-41d8-a770-fbbf36a4b581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2012.15351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2012.15351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2012.15351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.15351","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.15351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320940","display_name":"Stiftelsen f\u00f6r\u00a0Strategisk Forskning","ror":"https://ror.org/044wr7g58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1784881995","https://openalex.org/W1857035554","https://openalex.org/W1903195954","https://openalex.org/W2008524185","https://openalex.org/W2078872626","https://openalex.org/W2095738444","https://openalex.org/W2099175354","https://openalex.org/W2114579022","https://openalex.org/W2116428199","https://openalex.org/W2116876232","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2148828749","https://openalex.org/W2151413173","https://openalex.org/W2156168095","https://openalex.org/W2163350510","https://openalex.org/W2280930091","https://openalex.org/W2294157280","https://openalex.org/W2394766470","https://openalex.org/W2401704289","https://openalex.org/W2405633850","https://openalex.org/W2410750382","https://openalex.org/W2513866749","https://openalex.org/W2578391880","https://openalex.org/W2601330228","https://openalex.org/W2613735523","https://openalex.org/W2741706115","https://openalex.org/W2762065167","https://openalex.org/W2796928104","https://openalex.org/W2810807736","https://openalex.org/W2886165711","https://openalex.org/W2901511920","https://openalex.org/W2901943454","https://openalex.org/W2914096982","https://openalex.org/W2918843809","https://openalex.org/W2944377695","https://openalex.org/W2951834778","https://openalex.org/W2952192599","https://openalex.org/W2955751863","https://openalex.org/W2963312316","https://openalex.org/W2964159515","https://openalex.org/W3003274074","https://openalex.org/W3013480908","https://openalex.org/W3151869053","https://openalex.org/W4233819588","https://openalex.org/W6678832241","https://openalex.org/W6732044288","https://openalex.org/W6773558635"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134299866","https://openalex.org/W3108079065","https://openalex.org/W3123015093","https://openalex.org/W18157873","https://openalex.org/W2596139382","https://openalex.org/W3137062345","https://openalex.org/W3130970541","https://openalex.org/W3016862388","https://openalex.org/W2805575797","https://openalex.org/W2920919419","https://openalex.org/W2158215332","https://openalex.org/W3208911853","https://openalex.org/W151108224","https://openalex.org/W1580845862","https://openalex.org/W3169783744","https://openalex.org/W2948255760","https://openalex.org/W3013016046","https://openalex.org/W2884556832","https://openalex.org/W2577580713","https://openalex.org/W2010574095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"central":[1],"role":[2],"of":[3,72,96,109,115,123],"the":[4,50,76,90,116,124,132,153,160],"certificate":[5],"authority":[6],"(CA)":[7],"in":[8,32,159],"traditional":[9,77],"public":[10,97,154],"key":[11],"infrastructure":[12],"(PKI)":[13],"makes":[14],"it":[15,136],"fragile":[16],"and":[17,21,26,34,58,63,70,79,84,94,130],"prone":[18],"to":[19],"compromises":[20],"operational":[22],"failures.":[23],"Maintaining":[24],"CAs":[25],"revocation":[27,133],"lists":[28,142],"is":[29,87,121],"demanding":[30],"especially":[31],"loosely-connected":[33],"large":[35],"systems.":[36],"Log-based":[37],"PKIs":[38],"have":[39],"been":[40],"proposed":[41],"as":[42,147],"a":[43,55,59,68,102,106],"remedy":[44],"but":[45],"they":[46],"do":[47],"not":[48],"solve":[49],"problem":[51],"effectively.":[52],"We":[53],"provide":[54],"general":[56],"model":[57,74],"solution":[60],"for":[61],"decentralized":[62],"dynamic":[64],"PKI":[65],"based":[66,100],"on":[67,89,101],"blockchain":[69],"web":[71],"trust":[73],"where":[75],"CA":[78],"digital":[80],"certificates":[81],"are":[82,99,112,143],"removed":[83],"instead,":[85],"everything":[86],"registered":[88],"blockchain.":[91,161],"Registration,":[92],"revocation,":[93],"update":[95],"keys":[98,155],"consensus":[103],"mechanism":[104],"between":[105],"certain":[107],"number":[108],"entities":[110],"that":[111],"already":[113],"part":[114,122],"system.":[117],"Any":[118],"node":[119,149],"which":[120],"system":[125],"can":[126,150],"be":[127],"an":[128],"auditor":[129],"initiate":[131],"procedure":[134],"once":[135],"finds":[137],"out":[138],"malicious":[139],"activities.":[140],"Revocation":[141],"no":[144],"longer":[145],"required":[146],"any":[148],"efficiently":[151],"verify":[152],"through":[156],"witnesses":[157],"included":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
