{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3163540748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445307","title":"Player-AI Interaction: What Neural Network Games Reveal About AI as Play","display_name":"Player-AI Interaction: What Neural Network Games Reveal About AI as Play","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3163540748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445307","mag":"3163540748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411764.3445307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/ws/files/86438685/2101.06220v1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086741338","display_name":"Jichen Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-4550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jichen Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059209345","display_name":"Jennifer Villareale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-3601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Villareale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083439711","display_name":"Nithesh Javvaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6529-8035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nithesh Javvaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020511097","display_name":"Sebastian Risi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-8400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","display_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/02309jg23","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Risi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041199105","display_name":"Mathias L\u00f6we","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-9653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","display_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/02309jg23","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathias L\u00f6we","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058268613","display_name":"Rush Weigelt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rush Weigelt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054944358","display_name":"Casper Harteveld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-0303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Casper Harteveld","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Arts, Media and Design Northeastern University, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Arts, Media and Design Northeastern University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086741338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1787,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96150753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6938830614089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6330623030662537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applications-of-artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","score":0.5917564034461975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.531611442565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5286881327629089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interaction-network","display_name":"Interaction network","score":0.4910166263580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.45275023579597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-intelligence","display_name":"Human intelligence","score":0.4128711223602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.39704376459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12536007165908813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6938830614089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6330623030662537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.5917564034461975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.531611442565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5286881327629089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55105296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841382","display_name":"Interaction network","level":3,"score":0.4910166263580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.45275023579597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937824","display_name":"Human intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4128711223602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.39704376459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12536007165908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411764.3445307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/66eb1199-34f5-4f8b-8c30-153651c65ce9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/portal/da/publications/66eb1199-34f5-4f8b-8c30-153651c65ce9","pdf_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/ws/files/86438685/2101.06220v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196680","display_name":"IT University Of Copenhagen (IT University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","host_organization_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhu, J, Villareale, J, Javvaji, N, Risi, S, L\u00f6we, M, Weigelt, R & Harteveld, C 2021, Player-AI Interaction: What Neural Network Games Reveal About AI as Play. in CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems., 77, CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Yokohama, Japan, 08/05/2021. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445307","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/66eb1199-34f5-4f8b-8c30-153651c65ce9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/portal/da/publications/66eb1199-34f5-4f8b-8c30-153651c65ce9","pdf_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/ws/files/86438685/2101.06220v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196680","display_name":"IT University Of Copenhagen (IT University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","host_organization_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhu, J, Villareale, J, Javvaji, N, Risi, S, L\u00f6we, M, Weigelt, R & Harteveld, C 2021, Player-AI Interaction: What Neural Network Games Reveal About AI as Play. in CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems., 77, CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Yokohama, Japan, 08/05/2021. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445307","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6063426670","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-181647","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6583147598","display_name":"CHS: Small: Balancing Individual and Group Needs in Personalized Adaptive Systems for Improved Health","funder_award_id":"1816470","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6740556236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1816470","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3163540748.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3163540748.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175184045","https://openalex.org/W587210191","https://openalex.org/W596778755","https://openalex.org/W1506534339","https://openalex.org/W1511456413","https://openalex.org/W1526669993","https://openalex.org/W1560810279","https://openalex.org/W1674110665","https://openalex.org/W1969928573","https://openalex.org/W1983444181","https://openalex.org/W1993611378","https://openalex.org/W2003215225","https://openalex.org/W2025845093","https://openalex.org/W2030535845","https://openalex.org/W2037513958","https://openalex.org/W2045537209","https://openalex.org/W2046810334","https://openalex.org/W2059216172","https://openalex.org/W2093061054","https://openalex.org/W2093789852","https://openalex.org/W2100170872","https://openalex.org/W2126159342","https://openalex.org/W2134584261","https://openalex.org/W2153738822","https://openalex.org/W2160736333","https://openalex.org/W2227614561","https://openalex.org/W2318063908","https://openalex.org/W2318590641","https://openalex.org/W2327047243","https://openalex.org/W2405187948","https://openalex.org/W2478600331","https://openalex.org/W2519722451","https://openalex.org/W2560953276","https://openalex.org/W2577482072","https://openalex.org/W2578125584","https://openalex.org/W2587808905","https://openalex.org/W2592799411","https://openalex.org/W2611369375","https://openalex.org/W2611429746","https://openalex.org/W2611748211","https://openalex.org/W2686527015","https://openalex.org/W2751532182","https://openalex.org/W2767005192","https://openalex.org/W2786004891","https://openalex.org/W2791369900","https://openalex.org/W2795398890","https://openalex.org/W2795679027","https://openalex.org/W2795739371","https://openalex.org/W2796133875","https://openalex.org/W2808450727","https://openalex.org/W2896010852","https://openalex.org/W2898544055","https://openalex.org/W2916904544","https://openalex.org/W2942444880","https://openalex.org/W2971745749","https://openalex.org/W2980615522","https://openalex.org/W2981347196","https://openalex.org/W2981531092","https://openalex.org/W2984353433","https://openalex.org/W3006861906","https://openalex.org/W3006937233","https://openalex.org/W3017863658","https://openalex.org/W3030109276","https://openalex.org/W3030367426","https://openalex.org/W3031898411","https://openalex.org/W3032875465","https://openalex.org/W3085746739","https://openalex.org/W3088280201","https://openalex.org/W3098078680","https://openalex.org/W3106287232","https://openalex.org/W3123948451","https://openalex.org/W4212795873","https://openalex.org/W4236033791","https://openalex.org/W4236521339","https://openalex.org/W4288359814","https://openalex.org/W4296978576","https://openalex.org/W4299335686"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386271515","https://openalex.org/W3044189763","https://openalex.org/W2997038949","https://openalex.org/W4313891971","https://openalex.org/W4313891954","https://openalex.org/W4388307417","https://openalex.org/W4401884535","https://openalex.org/W4313892134","https://openalex.org/W4285326546","https://openalex.org/W2346760997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"advent":[1],"of":[2,16,42,80,95,120,147],"artificial":[3],"intelligence":[4],"(AI)":[5],"and":[6,30,55,109,132,136],"machine":[7],"learning":[8,118,125],"(ML)":[9],"bring":[10],"human-AI":[11,67,96,121,148],"interaction":[12,53,57,68,76],"to":[13,70,115,126,141,143],"the":[14,51,78,117,130,134],"forefront":[15],"HCI":[17],"research.":[18],"This":[19],"paper":[20],"argues":[21],"that":[22,87,107],"games":[23,45],"are":[24,99],"an":[25,139],"ideal":[26],"domain":[27],"for":[28],"studying":[29],"experimenting":[31],"with":[32,36,129],"how":[33],"humans":[34],"interact":[35],"AI.":[37],"Through":[38],"a":[39],"systematic":[40],"survey":[41],"neural":[43],"network":[44],"(n":[46],"=":[47],"38),":[48],"we":[49,64],"identified":[50],"dominant":[52],"metaphors":[54],"AI":[56,88,131],"patterns":[58],"in":[59,77],"these":[60],"games.":[61],"In":[62,102],"addition,":[63],"applied":[65],"existing":[66],"guidelines":[69],"further":[71],"shed":[72],"light":[73],"on":[74],"player-AI":[75],"context":[79],"AI-infused":[81],"systems.":[82],"Our":[83],"core":[84],"finding":[85],"is":[86],"as":[89],"play":[90,127,142],"can":[91],"expand":[92],"current":[93],"notions":[94],"interaction,":[97,122],"which":[98],"predominantly":[100],"productivity-based.":[101],"particular,":[103],"our":[104],"work":[105],"suggests":[106],"game":[108],"UX":[110],"designers":[111],"should":[112],"consider":[113],"flow":[114],"structure":[116],"curve":[119],"incorporate":[123],"discovery-based":[124],"around":[128],"observe":[133],"consequences,":[135],"offer":[137],"users":[138],"invitation":[140],"explore":[144],"new":[145],"forms":[146],"interaction.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
