{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161240348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445300","title":"Stereo-Smell via Electrical Trigeminal Stimulation","display_name":"Stereo-Smell via Electrical Trigeminal Stimulation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161240348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445300","mag":"3161240348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411764.3445300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445300","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078261587","display_name":"Jas Brooks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6142-0346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jas Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010173639","display_name":"Shan-Yuan Teng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-097X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan-Yuan Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025654446","display_name":"Jingxuan Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6705-8918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingxuan Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001522759","display_name":"Romain Nith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4302-7858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romain Nith","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067663090","display_name":"Jun Nishida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-1587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Nishida","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052549454","display_name":"Pedro Lopes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-7084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Lopes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078261587"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96053883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12032","display_name":"Multisensory perception and integration","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/odor","display_name":"Odor","score":0.7135941982269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6129094362258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olfactory-bulb","display_name":"Olfactory bulb","score":0.5659897327423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trigeminal-nerve","display_name":"Trigeminal nerve","score":0.5248865485191345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olfactory-system","display_name":"Olfactory system","score":0.4317161440849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.4307992160320282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.36696141958236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3631019592285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.35414010286331177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1590982973575592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.15411311388015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15251147747039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11895912885665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.09085267782211304}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778916471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485537","display_name":"Odor","level":2,"score":0.7135941982269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6129094362258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780496858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644945","display_name":"Olfactory bulb","level":3,"score":0.5659897327423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189763","display_name":"Trigeminal nerve","level":2,"score":0.5248865485191345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201792869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054094","display_name":"Olfactory system","level":2,"score":0.4317161440849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.4307992160320282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.36696141958236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3631019592285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35414010286331177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1590982973575592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.15411311388015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15251147747039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11895912885665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.09085267782211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411764.3445300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445300","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71931015","https://openalex.org/W1973671604","https://openalex.org/W1987710286","https://openalex.org/W1995330222","https://openalex.org/W1997112696","https://openalex.org/W1999407354","https://openalex.org/W2002849465","https://openalex.org/W2003541405","https://openalex.org/W2014101616","https://openalex.org/W2034068826","https://openalex.org/W2036327696","https://openalex.org/W2036390966","https://openalex.org/W2038352361","https://openalex.org/W2053742285","https://openalex.org/W2054397214","https://openalex.org/W2064079275","https://openalex.org/W2066472365","https://openalex.org/W2074357108","https://openalex.org/W2077372869","https://openalex.org/W2080942046","https://openalex.org/W2102672126","https://openalex.org/W2103673724","https://openalex.org/W2125469666","https://openalex.org/W2128587499","https://openalex.org/W2131294823","https://openalex.org/W2133797163","https://openalex.org/W2135747820","https://openalex.org/W2136176789","https://openalex.org/W2136584538","https://openalex.org/W2145357709","https://openalex.org/W2148225483","https://openalex.org/W2154798438","https://openalex.org/W2156281732","https://openalex.org/W2156871050","https://openalex.org/W2191310691","https://openalex.org/W2212554422","https://openalex.org/W2255111570","https://openalex.org/W2329494532","https://openalex.org/W2514906437","https://openalex.org/W2546189711","https://openalex.org/W2547395996","https://openalex.org/W2636392882","https://openalex.org/W2729400180","https://openalex.org/W2752042616","https://openalex.org/W2786681303","https://openalex.org/W2794773414","https://openalex.org/W2796270307","https://openalex.org/W2810705130","https://openalex.org/W2887865811","https://openalex.org/W2902322170","https://openalex.org/W2913038313","https://openalex.org/W2924780428","https://openalex.org/W2947711570","https://openalex.org/W2969081200","https://openalex.org/W2971395542","https://openalex.org/W3009794004","https://openalex.org/W3029091907","https://openalex.org/W3037063810","https://openalex.org/W4249009791","https://openalex.org/W6687357529"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966593540","https://openalex.org/W4231815232","https://openalex.org/W2061825044","https://openalex.org/W2060063624","https://openalex.org/W2378430301","https://openalex.org/W2020093956","https://openalex.org/W2072856858","https://openalex.org/W2045914711","https://openalex.org/W3160004761","https://openalex.org/W2072365414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1,76],"a":[2,10,108,142,197],"novel":[3],"type":[4],"of":[5,19,26,36,63],"olfactory":[6,65,101],"device":[7,110,119,216,227],"that":[8,44,70,77,111,167,191],"creates":[9],"stereo-smell":[11,88],"experience,":[12],"i.e.,":[13],"directional":[14],"information":[15],"about":[16],"the":[17,24,37,45,48,56,64,80,100,123,138,162,202],"location":[18],"an":[20,84,172,225],"odor,":[21],"by":[22,121,136,204],"rendering":[23],"readings":[25],"external":[27,151],"odor":[28],"sensors":[29,153],"as":[30,224],"trigeminal":[31,49,81,125,219],"sensations":[32,46,220],"using":[33,127,141,154,205],"electrical":[34,128,164],"stimulation":[35],"user's":[38,124,139],"nasal":[39,116],"septum.":[40,117],"The":[41],"key":[42,163],"is":[43,83],"from":[47,53],"nerve,":[50],"which":[51],"arise":[52],"nerve-endings":[54],"in":[55,99,201],"nose,":[57],"are":[58,233],"perceptually":[59],"fused":[60],"with":[61,130,150,230],"those":[62],"bulb":[66],"(the":[67],"brain":[68],"region":[69],"senses":[71],"smells).":[72],"As":[73],"such,":[74],"we":[75,106,160,189],"electrically":[78],"stimulating":[79,122],"nerve":[82,126],"ideal":[85],"candidate":[86],"for":[87,228],"augmentation/substitution":[89],"that,":[90],"unlike":[91],"other":[92],"approaches,":[93],"does":[94],"not":[95],"require":[96],"implanted":[97],"electrodes":[98],"bulb.":[102],"To":[103],"realize":[104],"this,":[105],"engineered":[107],"self-contained":[109],"users":[112,169],"wear":[113],"across":[114],"their":[115],"Our":[118],"outputs":[120],"impulses":[129],"variable":[131],"pulse-widths;":[132],"and":[133,148,178,182,221],"it":[134],"inputs":[135],"sensing":[137],"inhalations":[140],"photoreflector.":[143],"It":[144],"measures":[145],"10x23":[146],"mm":[147],"communicates":[149],"gas":[152],"Bluetooth.":[155],"In":[156,185],"our":[157,186,206,215],"user":[158],"study,":[159,188],"found":[161],"waveform":[165],"parameters":[166],"enable":[168],"to":[170,195,235],"feel":[171],"odor's":[173],"intensity":[174],"(absolute":[175],"electric":[176],"charge)":[177],"direction":[179],"(phase":[180],"order":[181],"net":[183],"charge).":[184],"second":[187],"demonstrated":[190],"participants":[192],"were":[193],"able":[194],"localize":[196],"virtual":[198],"smell":[199],"source":[200],"room":[203],"prototype":[207],"without":[208],"any":[209],"previous":[210],"training.":[211],"Using":[212],"these":[213],"insights,":[214],"enables":[217],"expressive":[218],"could":[222],"function":[223],"assistive":[226],"people":[229],"anosmia,":[231],"who":[232],"unable":[234],"smell.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}