{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3162715462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445081","title":"BackSwipe: Back-of-device Word-Gesture Interaction on Smartphones","display_name":"BackSwipe: Back-of-device Word-Gesture Interaction on Smartphones","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3162715462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445081","mag":"3162715462","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35237772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411764.3445081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8887869","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024369044","display_name":"Wenzhe Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-846X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzhe Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074847446","display_name":"Suwen Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suwen Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100382274","display_name":"Zhi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-5176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017813708","display_name":"Zheer Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5604-8556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheer Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084933066","display_name":"Xing-Dong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6732-6748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing-Dong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005648942","display_name":"I. V. Ramakrishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"IV Ramakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016901770","display_name":"Xiaojun Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9716-7709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79815677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.9115699529647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7883814573287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.7352844476699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6689292192459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5319972634315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-entry","display_name":"Text entry","score":0.472167432308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4471839666366577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/input-device","display_name":"Input device","score":0.4133351445198059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.35501742362976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3182367980480194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2136593759059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08534795045852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.06176471710205078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.9115699529647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7883814573287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7352844476699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6689292192459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5319972634315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988504831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192366","display_name":"Text entry","level":2,"score":0.472167432308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4471839666366577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121449826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864114","display_name":"Input device","level":2,"score":0.4133351445198059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.35501742362976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3182367980480194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2136593759059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08534795045852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.06176471710205078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411764.3445081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:35237772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35237772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. CHI Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8887869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8887869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8887869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8887869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2959821023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01EY030085","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4442280795","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHS-1815514","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1572821578","https://openalex.org/W1973394302","https://openalex.org/W1979981422","https://openalex.org/W1983317912","https://openalex.org/W1984520644","https://openalex.org/W1994551026","https://openalex.org/W2001264308","https://openalex.org/W2001340812","https://openalex.org/W2003330753","https://openalex.org/W2010376411","https://openalex.org/W2011150020","https://openalex.org/W2012241589","https://openalex.org/W2017130437","https://openalex.org/W2040896124","https://openalex.org/W2063002795","https://openalex.org/W2063080686","https://openalex.org/W2067534690","https://openalex.org/W2091209246","https://openalex.org/W2093817148","https://openalex.org/W2093899567","https://openalex.org/W2099287431","https://openalex.org/W2107655853","https://openalex.org/W2110654902","https://openalex.org/W2112261049","https://openalex.org/W2113725822","https://openalex.org/W2113798154","https://openalex.org/W2118803988","https://openalex.org/W2120629103","https://openalex.org/W2123484331","https://openalex.org/W2125872152","https://openalex.org/W2128160875","https://openalex.org/W2131483447","https://openalex.org/W2133495565","https://openalex.org/W2137664882","https://openalex.org/W2148443935","https://openalex.org/W2149344674","https://openalex.org/W2153182956","https://openalex.org/W2154828295","https://openalex.org/W2162571277","https://openalex.org/W2163125245","https://openalex.org/W2166565937","https://openalex.org/W2294288030","https://openalex.org/W2295007882","https://openalex.org/W2402790201","https://openalex.org/W2610613018","https://openalex.org/W2610981715","https://openalex.org/W2611136445","https://openalex.org/W2611531483","https://openalex.org/W2611841097","https://openalex.org/W2611904979","https://openalex.org/W2731419753","https://openalex.org/W2766638461","https://openalex.org/W2787255845","https://openalex.org/W2795433822","https://openalex.org/W2795861491","https://openalex.org/W2920852065","https://openalex.org/W2923526557","https://openalex.org/W2941413112","https://openalex.org/W2942101917","https://openalex.org/W2942331292","https://openalex.org/W2943475692","https://openalex.org/W3009475146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022422334","https://openalex.org/W2100019621","https://openalex.org/W1967469176","https://openalex.org/W2058242929","https://openalex.org/W2134549953","https://openalex.org/W2968299162","https://openalex.org/W2083791748","https://openalex.org/W3139040970","https://openalex.org/W202254294","https://openalex.org/W3193891815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Back-of-device":[0],"interaction":[1,174],"is":[2,91,105,147,161],"a":[3,15,26,30,46,65,108,132,183],"promising":[4,109],"approach":[5],"to":[6,28,44,55,83],"interacting":[7],"on":[8],"smartphones.":[9],"In":[10],"this":[11],"paper,":[12],"we":[13,63],"create":[14],"back-of-device":[16,66,76],"command":[17,114],"and":[18,35,58,78,107],"text":[19,138],"input":[20,110,115,185],"technique":[21],"called":[22],"BackSwipe,":[23,62],"which":[24,70],"allows":[25],"user":[27,101],"hold":[29],"smartphone":[31,54,173],"with":[32,131,150,163],"one":[33],"hand,":[34],"use":[36],"the":[37,41,50,53,72,80,85,88,96,117,156,171,177,180],"index":[38],"finger":[39],"of":[40,52,129,134,179],"same":[42],"hand":[43],"draw":[45],"word-gesture":[47,67],"anywhere":[48],"at":[49,125,153,166],"back":[51,94,178],"enter":[56,123],"commands":[57,124],"text.":[59],"To":[60],"support":[61],"propose":[64],"decoding":[68],"algorithm":[69],"infers":[71],"keyboard":[73,81,90],"location":[74],"from":[75],"gestures,":[77],"adjusts":[79],"size":[82],"suit":[84],"gesture":[86],"scales;":[87],"inferred":[89],"then":[92],"fed":[93],"into":[95],"system":[97],"for":[98,113],"decoding.":[99],"Our":[100],"study":[102],"shows":[103],"BackSwipe":[104,169],"feasible":[106],"method,":[111],"especially":[112],"in":[116],"one-hand":[118],"holding":[119],"posture:":[120],"users":[121,152,165],"can":[122],"an":[126],"average":[127,145,157],"accuracy":[128],"92%":[130],"speed":[133,146],"5.32":[135],"seconds/command.":[136],"The":[137,144],"entry":[139],"performance":[140],"varies":[141],"across":[142],"users.":[143],"9.58":[148],"WPM":[149],"some":[151,164],"18.83":[154],"WPM;":[155],"word":[158],"error":[159],"rate":[160],"11.04%":[162],"2.85%.":[167],"Overall,":[168],"complements":[170],"extant":[172],"by":[175],"leveraging":[176],"device":[181],"as":[182],"gestural":[184],"surface.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
