{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3162291149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3441342","title":"Operationalizing Human-Centered Perspectives in Explainable AI","display_name":"Operationalizing Human-Centered Perspectives in Explainable AI","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3162291149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3441342","mag":"3162291149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411763.3441342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3441342","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010875544","display_name":"Upol Ehsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-0409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Upol Ehsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute ofGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute ofGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082850934","display_name":"Philipp Wintersberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-3770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106192","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxzcy64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Wintersberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["CARISSMA Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI) Ingolstadt Bavaria, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CARISSMA Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI) Ingolstadt Bavaria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024320659","display_name":"Q. Vera Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4543-7196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Q. Vera Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research AI Yorktown Heights NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research AI Yorktown Heights NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018111541","display_name":"Martina Mara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3447-0556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martina Mara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Upper Austria, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Upper Austria, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042080340","display_name":"Marc Streit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-2092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Streit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University LinzJohannes Kepler University Linz Linz Upper Austria, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University LinzJohannes Kepler University Linz Linz Upper Austria, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075172090","display_name":"Sandra Wachter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3800-0113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146410","display_name":"Science Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/04j8yhy50","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Wachter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford Oxford England, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford Oxford England, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087073329","display_name":"Andreas Riener","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9174-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106192","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxzcy64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Riener","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI) Ingolstadt Bavaria, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI) Ingolstadt Bavaria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061883150","display_name":"Mark Riedl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5283-6588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark O. Riedl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.5154,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":94,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98357736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9634000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.920799970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.8866894841194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5994212627410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34313106536865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3354928493499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.11757946014404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.076897531747818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.8866894841194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5994212627410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34313106536865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3354928493499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.11757946014404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.076897531747818}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3411763.3441342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3441342","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:93f6c690-4a72-4cca-9b7c-784a55fa45fa","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:93f6c690-4a72-4cca-9b7c-784a55fa45fa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements","raw_type":"Conference item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039191423","https://openalex.org/W2063052894","https://openalex.org/W2345597971","https://openalex.org/W2594475271","https://openalex.org/W2765204106","https://openalex.org/W2791535658","https://openalex.org/W2795530988","https://openalex.org/W2795771732","https://openalex.org/W2891503716","https://openalex.org/W2923421605","https://openalex.org/W2962772482","https://openalex.org/W2962790223","https://openalex.org/W2963095307","https://openalex.org/W2963395533","https://openalex.org/W2963847595","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2992923261","https://openalex.org/W2999637955","https://openalex.org/W2999765337","https://openalex.org/W3013899790","https://openalex.org/W3084756947","https://openalex.org/W3098054859","https://openalex.org/W3100931974","https://openalex.org/W3103751997","https://openalex.org/W3104847483","https://openalex.org/W3120532656","https://openalex.org/W3138819813","https://openalex.org/W3143956176","https://openalex.org/W4206210655","https://openalex.org/W4288083797","https://openalex.org/W4288414189","https://openalex.org/W4298235707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2944277854","https://openalex.org/W2258359646","https://openalex.org/W2493324121","https://openalex.org/W4234402960","https://openalex.org/W4210958110","https://openalex.org/W2483613126","https://openalex.org/W4210994448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,99],"realm":[1],"of":[2,43,64,91,101],"Artificial":[3],"Intelligence":[4],"(AI)\u2019s":[5],"impact":[6],"on":[7,51,133],"our":[8],"lives":[9],"is":[10,80,104],"far":[11],"reaching":[12],"\u2013":[13],"with":[14,93],"AI":[15,45],"systems":[16,28],"proliferating":[17],"high-stakes":[18],"domains":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21],"healthcare,":[22],"finance,":[23],"mobility,":[24],"law,":[25],"etc.,":[26],"these":[27,69],"must":[29],"be":[30,113],"able":[31],"to":[32,36,77,83,105,136],"explain":[33],"their":[34],"decision":[35],"diverse":[37,97],"end-users":[38],"comprehensibly.":[39],"Yet":[40],"the":[41,85,89,116],"discourse":[42,90],"Explainable":[44],"(XAI)":[46],"has":[47],"been":[48],"predominantly":[49],"focused":[50],"algorithm-centered":[52],"approaches,":[53,128],"suffering":[54],"from":[55,96],"gaps":[56],"in":[57,110],"meeting":[58],"user":[59],"needs":[60],"and":[61,87,119,126,146],"exacerbating":[62],"issues":[63],"algorithmic":[65],"opacity.":[66],"To":[67],"address":[68],"issues,":[70],"researchers":[71],"have":[72],"called":[73],"for":[74,152],"human-centered":[75,108],"approaches":[76],"XAI.":[78,153],"There":[79],"a":[81,148],"need":[82],"chart":[84],"domain":[86],"shape":[88],"XAI":[92,111],"reflective":[94],"discussions":[95],"stakeholders.":[98],"goal":[100],"this":[102],"workshop":[103],"examine":[106],"how":[107],"perspectives":[109],"can":[112],"operationalized":[114],"at":[115],"conceptual,":[117],"methodological,":[118],"technical":[120],"levels.":[121],"Encouraging":[122],"holistic":[123],"(historical,":[124],"sociological,":[125],"technical)":[127],"we":[129],"put":[130],"an":[131],"emphasis":[132],"\u201coperationalizing\u201d,":[134],"aiming":[135],"produce":[137],"actionable":[138],"frameworks,":[139],"transferable":[140],"evaluation":[141],"methods,":[142],"concrete":[143],"design":[144],"guidelines,":[145],"articulate":[147],"coordinated":[149],"research":[150],"agenda":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}