{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083462801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409804","title":"Resilience Bounds of Network Clock Synchronization with Fault Correction","display_name":"Resilience Bounds of Network Clock Synchronization with Fault Correction","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083462801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409804","mag":"3083462801"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3409804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048918787","display_name":"Linshan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8501-9488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linshan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040651615","display_name":"Rui Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8441-9973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054946593","display_name":"Arvind Easwaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-3847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arvind Easwaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048918787"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9251,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77199637,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7705298662185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.7301756739616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5994576215744019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5871919989585876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5637848973274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-drift","display_name":"Clock drift","score":0.5618257522583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.531805157661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronizing","display_name":"Synchronizing","score":0.5137659311294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4741838872432709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-clock","display_name":"Vector clock","score":0.46759480237960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.4666436016559601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.4526221752166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32695144414901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14803096652030945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7705298662185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.7301756739616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5994576215744019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5871919989585876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5637848973274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155837451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069144","display_name":"Clock drift","level":5,"score":0.5618257522583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.531805157661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162932704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Synchronizing","level":3,"score":0.5137659311294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4741838872432709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52563298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413349","display_name":"Vector clock","level":5,"score":0.46759480237960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.4666436016559601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.4526221752166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32695144414901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14803096652030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3409804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331378","display_name":"Delta-NTU Corporate Laboratory for Cyber-Physical Systems","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479863711","https://openalex.org/W1483726570","https://openalex.org/W1964121696","https://openalex.org/W1967565181","https://openalex.org/W1984828789","https://openalex.org/W2008902577","https://openalex.org/W2066881276","https://openalex.org/W2091638358","https://openalex.org/W2094636498","https://openalex.org/W2118891797","https://openalex.org/W2121315148","https://openalex.org/W2130677190","https://openalex.org/W2143229717","https://openalex.org/W2154372744","https://openalex.org/W2170715240","https://openalex.org/W2282232246","https://openalex.org/W2296402327","https://openalex.org/W2602033133","https://openalex.org/W2624437692","https://openalex.org/W2746505796","https://openalex.org/W2752885492","https://openalex.org/W2756567412","https://openalex.org/W2805806378","https://openalex.org/W2964267056","https://openalex.org/W3105086467","https://openalex.org/W3106308116","https://openalex.org/W3129614356","https://openalex.org/W3148190347","https://openalex.org/W3190768114","https://openalex.org/W4237169760","https://openalex.org/W4246314521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006392656","https://openalex.org/W2143450555","https://openalex.org/W1977555422","https://openalex.org/W2132763546","https://openalex.org/W2083095101","https://openalex.org/W4296340207","https://openalex.org/W1984465064","https://openalex.org/W3093058274","https://openalex.org/W1937995180","https://openalex.org/W2951566637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Naturally":[0],"occurring":[1],"disturbances":[2],"and":[3,89,155,227,297],"malicious":[4],"attacks":[5],"can":[6,117,294],"lead":[7],"to":[8,54,62,149,163,183,211,216,230,266],"faults":[9,65,115,191,265,301],"in":[10],"synchronizing":[11],"the":[12,23,38,64,68,71,78,82,87,91,96,105,111,121,145,165,178,185,213,218,231,244,248,257,260,267],"clocks":[13],"of":[14,27,34,75,114,127,180,187,196,233,251,259,263,269,283,289],"two":[15],"network":[16,28,246],"nodes.":[17],"In":[18],"this":[19],"article,":[20],"we":[21,159,206,293],"investigate":[22],"fundamental":[24],"resilience":[25,147,252,299],"bounds":[26],"clock":[29,84,93,235,277],"synchronization":[30,40,48,100,140,175,181,214,236,270,278,291,304],"for":[31],"a":[32,124,139,150,174,193,275,281],"system":[33,279],"N":[35,57,129,198],"nodes":[36],"against":[37,300],"peer-to-peer":[39,99],"faults.":[41],"Our":[42,102],"analysis":[43,103],"is":[44,254],"based":[45],"on":[46],"practical":[47],"algorithms":[49,122],"with":[50,286,302],"time":[51],"complexity":[52],"down":[53],"O":[55],"(":[56],"3":[58],")":[59],"that":[60,116,253],"attempt":[61],"correct":[63],"by":[66,120,143,273],"checking":[67],"consistency":[69],"among":[70,86],"following":[72,106],"three":[73,107],"types":[74],"data:":[76],"(1)":[77],"estimated":[79,83],"faults,":[80],"(2)":[81],"offsets":[85,94],"nodes,":[88],"(3)":[90],"measured":[92],"from":[95],"potentially":[97],"faulty":[98],"sessions.":[101,271,305],"gives":[104],"major":[108],"results.":[109],"First,":[110],"maximum":[112,261],"number":[113,179,262,268],"be":[118],"corrected":[119],"has":[123,192],"tight":[125,166],"bound":[126,167,195],"\u230a":[128],"/2":[130],"\u230b":[131],"\u2212":[132],"1":[133],"when":[134,168],"every":[135,170],"node":[136,171],"pair":[137,172],"performs":[138,173],"session.":[141,176],"Second,":[142],"converting":[144],"fault":[146],"problem":[148,154],"graph-theoretic":[151],"edge":[152],"connectivity":[153],"applying":[156],"Menger\u2019s":[157],"theorem,":[158],"develop":[160,208],"an":[161,209],"algorithm":[162,210],"compute":[164],"not":[169],"Third,":[177],"sessions":[182,215],"achieve":[184,295],"capability":[186],"correcting":[188],"any":[189],"K":[190,200],"lower":[194,219],"\u2308":[197],"(2":[199],"+1)":[201],"/":[202],"2":[203],"\u2309":[204],";":[205],"also":[207],"schedule":[212],"approach":[217],"bound.":[220],"The":[221],"above":[222],"results":[223,241],"provide":[224],"basic":[225],"understanding":[226],"useful":[228],"guidelines":[229],"design":[232],"resilient":[234],"systems.":[237],"For":[238],"instance,":[239],"our":[240],"suggest":[242],"that,":[243],"four-node":[245,290],"achieves":[247],"highest":[249],"degree":[250],"defined":[255],"as":[256],"ratio":[258],"correctable":[264],"Therefore,":[272],"organizing":[274],"large-scale":[276],"into":[280],"hierarchy":[282],"multiple":[284],"tiers":[285],"each":[287],"consisting":[288],"groups,":[292],"satisfactory":[296],"understood":[298],"reduced":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}