{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083669401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409256.3409818","title":"Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search and Lightweight Dense Vector Reranking in Multi-Stage Retrieval Architectures","display_name":"Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search and Lightweight Dense Vector Reranking in Multi-Stage Retrieval Architectures","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083669401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409256.3409818","mag":"3083669401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3409256.3409818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409256.3409818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGIR on International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087516855","display_name":"Zhengkai Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1715-5773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139826","display_name":"Blackberry (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03mmk1j33","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengkai Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057246165","display_name":"Wei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0332-2649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014007121","display_name":"Zihang Fu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139826","display_name":"Blackberry (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03mmk1j33","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019841406","display_name":"Yuqing Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-4892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqing Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043679408","display_name":"Luchen Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139826","display_name":"Blackberry (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03mmk1j33","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luchen Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023824766","display_name":"Kun Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-6586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139826","display_name":"Blackberry (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03mmk1j33","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351398","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-2775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082997975","display_name":"Jimmy Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0661-7189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jimmy Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSVP.ai & University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087516855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139826"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7816,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74353028,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7581343054771423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nearest-neighbor-search","display_name":"Nearest neighbor search","score":0.5323911905288696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5223830342292786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.5160676836967468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.4984757900238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4177427887916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4121472239494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.41207215189933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3375421166419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14093652367591858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.10581988096237183}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7581343054771423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116738811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608751","display_name":"Nearest neighbor search","level":2,"score":0.5323911905288696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5223830342292786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5160676836967468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.4984757900238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4177427887916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4121472239494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.41207215189933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3375421166419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14093652367591858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.10581988096237183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3409256.3409818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409256.3409818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGIR on International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502916507","https://openalex.org/W2091379987","https://openalex.org/W2124509324","https://openalex.org/W2537425075","https://openalex.org/W2611029872","https://openalex.org/W2891177506","https://openalex.org/W2899154813","https://openalex.org/W2901894078","https://openalex.org/W2912817604","https://openalex.org/W2915162998","https://openalex.org/W2937036051","https://openalex.org/W2951434086","https://openalex.org/W2951534261","https://openalex.org/W2962648813","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963469388","https://openalex.org/W2963918774","https://openalex.org/W2970618241","https://openalex.org/W3012639927","https://openalex.org/W3121694563"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148008870","https://openalex.org/W2381195555","https://openalex.org/W2368606575","https://openalex.org/W4246757943","https://openalex.org/W2132753198","https://openalex.org/W2369874856","https://openalex.org/W2182477562","https://openalex.org/W2792185758","https://openalex.org/W2787484455","https://openalex.org/W2119808169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,49,93,99,105],"context":[2],"of":[3,62,101],"a":[4],"multi-stage":[5],"retrieval":[6],"architecture,":[7],"we":[8],"explore":[9],"candidate":[10],"generation":[11],"based":[12,22,41,73],"on":[13,23,42,59,74,104],"approximate":[14],"nearest":[15],"neighbor":[16],"(ANN)":[17],"search":[18],"and":[19,77,89],"lightweight":[20],"reranking":[21,70],"dense":[24,68],"vector":[25,69],"representations.":[26],"These":[27],"results":[28],"serve":[29],"as":[30,39],"input":[31],"to":[32,47],"slower":[33],"but":[34],"more":[35],"accurate":[36],"rerankers":[37],"such":[38],"those":[40],"transformers.":[43],"Our":[44],"goal":[45],"is":[46],"characterize":[48],"effectiveness-efficiency":[50],"tradeoff":[51],"space":[52],"in":[53],"this":[54],"context.":[55],"We":[56],"find":[57],"that,":[58],"sentence-length":[60],"segments":[61],"text,":[63],"ANN":[64],"techniques":[65,91],"coupled":[66],"with":[67],"dominate":[71],"approaches":[72],"inverted":[75],"indexes,":[76],"thus":[78],"our":[79],"proposed":[80],"design":[81],"should":[82],"be":[83],"preferred.":[84],"For":[85],"paragraph-length":[86],"segments,":[87],"ANN-based":[88],"index-based":[90],"share":[92],"Pareto":[94],"frontier,":[95],"which":[96],"means":[97],"that":[98],"choice":[100],"alternatives":[102],"depends":[103],"desired":[106],"operating":[107],"point.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T23:00:34.991745","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}