{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3108446289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3408308.3431119","title":"COBS","display_name":"COBS","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3108446289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3408308.3431119","mag":"3108446289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3408308.3431119","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3408308.3431119","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100425864","display_name":"Tianyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-2855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079048464","display_name":"Omid Ardakanian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-5502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omid Ardakanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.914,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7457544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"314","last_page":"315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7587997913360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.6056760549545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hvac","display_name":"HVAC","score":0.5812817215919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.5339697003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.46092697978019714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.44280004501342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.4381575584411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.42176949977874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41050055623054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3733537793159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20474252104759216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1934354305267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17784404754638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-conditioning","display_name":"Air conditioning","score":0.15623432397842407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.10780426859855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09572449326515198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7587997913360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.6056760549545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122346748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1798773","display_name":"HVAC","level":3,"score":0.5812817215919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.5339697003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46092697978019714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.44280004501342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.4381575584411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.42176949977874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41050055623054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3733537793159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20474252104759216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1934354305267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17784404754638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103742991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173725","display_name":"Air conditioning","level":2,"score":0.15623432397842407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.10780426859855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09572449326515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3408308.3431119","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3408308.3431119","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986570820","https://openalex.org/W2097489874","https://openalex.org/W2121305631","https://openalex.org/W2159200188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365235480","https://openalex.org/W4290792893","https://openalex.org/W2374954631","https://openalex.org/W1549606894","https://openalex.org/W2366230866","https://openalex.org/W2357906747","https://openalex.org/W2372895414","https://openalex.org/W2382602665","https://openalex.org/W2147750123","https://openalex.org/W209822404"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"poster":[1],"abstract":[2],"describes":[3],"the":[4,49,57],"design":[5],"and":[6,19,24,47,99],"implementation":[7],"of":[8,30],"an":[9],"open-source":[10],"building":[11,32],"co-simulation":[12],"platform":[13,86],"which":[14],"integrates":[15],"various":[16],"models,":[17],"simulators,":[18],"controllers":[20],"(e.g.,":[21],"HVAC,":[22],"lighting,":[23],"window":[25],"blinds),":[26],"enabling":[27],"comprehensive":[28],"evaluation":[29],"occupant-centric":[31],"controls.":[33],"Using":[34],"proper":[35],"locking,":[36],"it":[37],"interacts":[38],"with":[39,81],"EnergyPlus":[40],"in":[41,56,102],"each":[42],"time":[43,59],"step":[44],"to":[45,66,92],"access":[46],"modify":[48],"simulation":[50,55],"model":[51],"object":[52],"before":[53],"running":[54],"next":[58],"step.":[60],"The":[61,84],"interface":[62],"is":[63],"designed":[64],"similar":[65],"OpenAI":[67],"Gym":[68,77],"so":[69],"that":[70,72],"environments":[71],"are":[73],"already":[74],"written":[75],"for":[76,97],"can":[78],"be":[79],"used":[80],"this":[82],"platform.":[83],"proposed":[85],"utilizes":[87],"a":[88,103],"queueing":[89],"network":[90],"simulator":[91],"generate":[93],"realistic":[94],"movement":[95],"traces":[96],"occupants":[98],"simulate":[100],"actions":[101],"probabilistic":[104],"fashion.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2020-12-07T00:00:00"}
