{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3179867916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404835.3462853","title":"Answering Any-hop Open-domain Questions with Iterative Document Reranking","display_name":"Answering Any-hop Open-domain Questions with Iterative Document Reranking","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3179867916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404835.3462853","mag":"3179867916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3404835.3462853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404835.3462853","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755176","display_name":"Yuyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-1647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003511813","display_name":"Ping Nie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059251464","display_name":"Arun Ramamurthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-0176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137693","display_name":"Siemens (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axb7e79","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Ramamurthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens Corporate Technology, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens Corporate Technology, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102898115","display_name":"Le Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-9899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4887,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91490807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"481","last_page":"490"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8474549055099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-domain","display_name":"Open domain","score":0.8083479404449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6665353775024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6451413035392761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hop","display_name":"Hop (telecommunications)","score":0.604239284992218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4639754891395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.42117375135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.22196915745735168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8474549055099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993776861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Open domain","level":3,"score":0.8083479404449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6665353775024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6451413035392761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25906391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432381","display_name":"Hop (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.604239284992218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4639754891395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.42117375135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.22196915745735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3404835.3462853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404835.3462853","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028175314","https://openalex.org/W2171278097","https://openalex.org/W2624431344","https://openalex.org/W2626778328","https://openalex.org/W2750779823","https://openalex.org/W2755637027","https://openalex.org/W2788448041","https://openalex.org/W2805516822","https://openalex.org/W2812869832","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2912817604","https://openalex.org/W2946542158","https://openalex.org/W2949134692","https://openalex.org/W2949428332","https://openalex.org/W2950618399","https://openalex.org/W2951434086","https://openalex.org/W2951682790","https://openalex.org/W2951862794","https://openalex.org/W2952484617","https://openalex.org/W2952862139","https://openalex.org/W2954547017","https://openalex.org/W2962829834","https://openalex.org/W2962922117","https://openalex.org/W2962985038","https://openalex.org/W2963068946","https://openalex.org/W2963195889","https://openalex.org/W2963662654","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964649670","https://openalex.org/W2969307504","https://openalex.org/W2973311042","https://openalex.org/W2974606281","https://openalex.org/W2980282514","https://openalex.org/W2980418356","https://openalex.org/W2984305408","https://openalex.org/W2995638926","https://openalex.org/W2996428491","https://openalex.org/W3003186568","https://openalex.org/W3007978994","https://openalex.org/W3034364750","https://openalex.org/W3105055324","https://openalex.org/W4210257598","https://openalex.org/W4239019441","https://openalex.org/W4289865932","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6600553734","https://openalex.org/W6603185667","https://openalex.org/W6631918127","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2951097643","https://openalex.org/W2391533720","https://openalex.org/W4309395021","https://openalex.org/W4307481286","https://openalex.org/W3215363805","https://openalex.org/W204133468","https://openalex.org/W2991310128","https://openalex.org/W2395174199","https://openalex.org/W4226441484","https://openalex.org/W2516703895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Existing":[0],"approaches":[1],"for":[2,10,51],"open-domain":[3,67,125],"question":[4],"answering":[5],"(QA)":[6],"are":[7],"typically":[8],"designed":[9],"questions":[11,27],"that":[12,96],"require":[13],"either":[14],"single-hop":[15,122],"or":[16,115],"multi-hop":[17,124],"reasoning,":[18],"which":[19,44,69],"make":[20],"strong":[21],"assumptions":[22],"of":[23,26,39,103],"the":[24,46,82,87,101,118],"complexity":[25],"to":[28,64,80,114],"be":[29],"answered.":[30],"Also,":[31],"multi-step":[32],"document":[33],"retrieval":[34,83,88],"often":[35],"incurs":[36],"higher":[37],"number":[38],"relevant":[40],"but":[41],"non-supporting":[42],"documents,":[43,75],"dampens":[45],"downstream":[47],"noise-sensitive":[48],"reader":[49],"module":[50],"answer":[52,65],"extraction.":[53],"To":[54,85],"address":[55],"these":[56],"challenges,":[57],"we":[58,90],"propose":[59,91],"a":[60,92],"unified":[61],"QA":[62,126],"framework":[63],"any-hop":[66],"questions,":[68],"iteratively":[70],"retrieves,":[71],"reranks":[72],"and":[73,76,123,134],"filters":[74],"adaptively":[77],"determines":[78],"when":[79],"stop":[81],"process.":[84],"improve":[86],"accuracy,":[89],"graph-based":[93],"reranking":[94,106],"model":[95],"perform":[97],"multi-document":[98],"interaction":[99],"as":[100],"core":[102],"our":[104],"iterative":[105],"framework.":[107],"Our":[108],"method":[109],"consistently":[110],"achieves":[111],"performance":[112],"comparable":[113],"better":[116],"than":[117],"state-of-the-art":[119],"on":[120],"both":[121],"datasets,":[127],"including":[128],"Natural":[129],"Questions":[130],"Open,":[131,133],"SQuAD":[132],"HotpotQA.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T07:12:00.856984","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}