{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3080839540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404555.3404564","title":"Detecting Deepfake Video by Learning Two-Level Features with Two-Stream Convolutional Neural Network","display_name":"Detecting Deepfake Video by Learning Two-Level Features with Two-Stream Convolutional Neural Network","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3080839540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404555.3404564","mag":"3080839540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3404555.3404564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404555.3404564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 6th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007396467","display_name":"Zheng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9586-268X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109012690","display_name":"Penghui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-163X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Penghui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083054357","display_name":"Wei Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4068-1766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.871734619140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.832982063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7753643989562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6399378180503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6098480224609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.5842512249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4777502119541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4760598838329315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4704391360282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4025895893573761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3278021514415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3082268238067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.23307809233665466}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.871734619140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.832982063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7753643989562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6399378180503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6098480224609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.5842512249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4777502119541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4760598838329315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4704391360282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4025895893573761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3278021514415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3082268238067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.23307809233665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3404555.3404564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3404555.3404564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 6th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973629749","https://openalex.org/W2009130368","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2604292070","https://openalex.org/W2623012778","https://openalex.org/W2798117183","https://openalex.org/W2912500072","https://openalex.org/W4234552385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W2770593030","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W3154990682","https://openalex.org/W4281727072","https://openalex.org/W4313906399","https://openalex.org/W2560201613","https://openalex.org/W2171975302","https://openalex.org/W2022352247","https://openalex.org/W2964954556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deepfake":[0,15,39],"techniques":[1],"has":[2],"made":[3],"face":[4,89,141],"swapping":[5],"in":[6,96,118],"video":[7],"easy":[8],"to":[9,27,64,79,113],"use.":[10],"Nowadays,":[11],"the":[12,66,76,85,99,104,115,123,128,138,151,156],"spread":[13],"of":[14,33,48,140],"videos":[16],"over":[17,150],"networks":[18],"is":[19,72,111],"concerned":[20],"worldwide.":[21],"This":[22],"work":[23],"proposes":[24],"an":[25],"approach":[26],"more":[28],"accurate":[29],"and":[30,53,93,108,158],"robust":[31],"detection":[32],"them.":[34],"Since":[35],"artifacts":[36,87],"left":[37],"by":[38],"tools":[40],"can":[41],"be":[42],"largely":[43],"categorized":[44],"into":[45],"two":[46],"classes":[47],"different":[49],"levels,":[50],"i.e.":[51],"semantic":[52,81],"noise":[54],"level,":[55],"we":[56],"adopt":[57],"a":[58],"two-stream":[59],"convolutional":[60],"neural":[61],"network":[62,71],"(CNN)":[63],"capture":[65,114],"2-level":[67,124],"features":[68,125],"concurrently.":[69],"Xception":[70],"trained":[73],"only":[74],"as":[75,84],"first":[77],"stream":[78],"detect":[80],"anomalies":[82],"such":[83],"editing":[86],"around":[88],"contour,":[90],"detail":[91],"missing,":[92],"geometric":[94],"inconsistence":[95],"eyes.":[97],"Meanwhile,":[98],"2nd":[100],"stream,":[101],"which":[102],"contain":[103],"constrained":[105],"convolution":[106],"filter":[107],"median":[109],"filter,":[110],"designed":[112],"tampering":[116],"traces":[117],"local":[119],"noises.":[120],"By":[121],"concatenating":[122],"learned":[126],"from":[127],"both":[129,155],"streams,":[130],"our":[131],"method":[132],"obtains":[133],"very":[134],"comprehensive":[135],"knowledge":[136],"about":[137],"existence":[139],"swapping.":[142],"The":[143],"experimental":[144],"results":[145],"have":[146],"shown":[147],"its":[148],"advantage":[149],"existing":[152],"methods":[153],"on":[154],"accuracy":[157],"robustness.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}