{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047410881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3397538","title":"Overviewing the liveness of refactoring for energy efficiency","display_name":"Overviewing the liveness of refactoring for energy efficiency","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047410881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3397538","mag":"3047410881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3397537.3397538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3397538","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Conference Companion of the 4th International Conference on Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075941212","display_name":"Emanuel Moreira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emanuel Moreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Porto, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034098796","display_name":"Filipe Figueiredo Correia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-1598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filipe F. Correia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Porto, Portugal / INESC TEC, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Porto, Portugal / INESC TEC, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615","https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028954771","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Bispo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3017-9449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Bispo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Porto, Portugal / INESC TEC, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Porto, Portugal / INESC TEC, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615","https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075941212"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56586762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"211","last_page":"212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.949374258518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liveness","display_name":"Liveness","score":0.8874512314796448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.8688368797302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8173233270645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5189199447631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.466645747423172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4469805359840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3628428876399994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3565565049648285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.32746267318725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.29458561539649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09770667552947998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.949374258518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15569618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561421","display_name":"Liveness","level":2,"score":0.8874512314796448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.8688368797302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8173233270645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5189199447631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.466645747423172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4469805359840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3628428876399994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3565565049648285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.32746267318725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.29458561539649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09770667552947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3397537.3397538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3397538","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Conference Companion of the 4th International Conference on Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2153887189","https://openalex.org/W2405108891","https://openalex.org/W2509415277","https://openalex.org/W2759869844","https://openalex.org/W2796968370","https://openalex.org/W2971087218","https://openalex.org/W3098673203","https://openalex.org/W4212902469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565271071","https://openalex.org/W2081199208","https://openalex.org/W3349016","https://openalex.org/W4313549863","https://openalex.org/W3160870209","https://openalex.org/W2494011163","https://openalex.org/W2053262709","https://openalex.org/W2139648957","https://openalex.org/W2072205733","https://openalex.org/W1481041875"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"device":[1],"users":[2,26],"have":[3,71],"been":[4],"growing":[5],"in":[6,37,41,119],"the":[7,11,22,42,49,60,93,98,109,114,124,131,135,143],"last":[8],"years":[9],"but":[10],"limited":[12],"battery":[13],"life":[14],"of":[15,21,48,63,77,85,138],"these":[16],"devices":[17],"is":[18,31,54,97],"considered":[19],"one":[20],"major":[23],"issues":[24],"amongst":[25],"and":[27,73,81,89,147],"programmers.":[28],"Therefore,":[29],"there":[30],"a":[32,64,75,83,101],"need":[33],"to":[34,51,55,100,104,121,127],"guide":[35],"developers":[36],"developing":[38],"mobile":[39],"applications":[40],"most":[43],"energy":[44,61],"efficient":[45],"way.":[46],"One":[47],"ways":[50],"improve":[52],"this":[53],"provide":[56],"live":[57],"feedback":[58],"about":[59],"efficiency":[62],"program":[65],"while":[66],"it's":[67,108],"being":[68,140,145],"programmed.":[69],"We":[70],"analyzed":[72,94],"compared":[74],"total":[76],"16":[78],"different":[79],"tools":[80],"presented":[82],"list":[84],"15":[86],"code":[87],"smells":[88],"respective":[90],"refactorings.":[91],"From":[92],"tools,":[95],"Leafactor":[96],"closest":[99],"valid":[102],"solution":[103],"our":[105],"problem":[106],"because":[107],"only":[110],"energy-aware":[111],"tool":[112],"with":[113],"highest":[115],"liveness":[116],"level.":[117],"However,":[118],"order":[120],"be":[122],"executed":[123,141],"programmer":[125,144],"needs":[126],"trigger":[128],"it":[129],"on":[130],"IDE":[132],"by":[133],"selecting":[134],"file,":[136],"instead":[137],"automatically":[139],"without":[142],"noticed":[146],"refactor":[148],"his":[149],"inefficient":[150],"code.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}