{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040757906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3389791","title":"Deep Neural Network--based Machine Translation System Combination","display_name":"Deep Neural Network--based Machine Translation System Combination","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040757906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3389791","mag":"3040757906"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3389791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3389791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106557565","display_name":"Long Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1919-4943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100319572","display_name":"Jiajun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-7434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089015542","display_name":"Xiaomian Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3929-8548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomian Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015785439","display_name":"Chengqing Zong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-3818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengqing Zong","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7258561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8728018999099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.8473063707351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7184152007102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47020038962364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.45639580488204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4541350305080414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45133382081985474}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8728018999099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.8473063707351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7184152007102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47020038962364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.45639580488204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4541350305080414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45133382081985474}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3389791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3389791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8381445544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. U1836221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483849869","https://openalex.org/W2050213775","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2100238596","https://openalex.org/W2116316001","https://openalex.org/W2117139364","https://openalex.org/W2128232128","https://openalex.org/W2138934709","https://openalex.org/W2150634928","https://openalex.org/W2152263452","https://openalex.org/W2157167255","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2169242480","https://openalex.org/W2250849168","https://openalex.org/W2475913055","https://openalex.org/W2740433069","https://openalex.org/W2752047430","https://openalex.org/W2898972706","https://openalex.org/W2920359981","https://openalex.org/W2930957955","https://openalex.org/W2962700074","https://openalex.org/W2962708992","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2962929176","https://openalex.org/W2963247703","https://openalex.org/W2963260202","https://openalex.org/W2963407669","https://openalex.org/W2963506925","https://openalex.org/W2964034111","https://openalex.org/W2976002854","https://openalex.org/W4241461138","https://openalex.org/W4241645538","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011059803","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2775554247","https://openalex.org/W4380075502","https://openalex.org/W2110168585","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2250213760","https://openalex.org/W4386247111","https://openalex.org/W4327642362","https://openalex.org/W2587014613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"neural":[1,29,87],"networks":[2,129],"(DNNs)":[3],"have":[4],"provably":[5],"enhanced":[6],"the":[7,24,73,104,114,121,155,166,172],"state-of-the-art":[8],"natural":[9],"language":[10],"process":[11],"(NLP)":[12],"with":[13,130],"their":[14],"capability":[15],"of":[16,23,75,107,142,159],"feature":[17],"learning":[18],"and":[19,40,62,78,97,109,112,127,147,157,171],"representation.":[20],"As":[21],"one":[22],"more":[25,43],"challenging":[26],"NLP":[27],"tasks,":[28],"machine":[30,38,49],"translation":[31,39,50,60,150],"(NMT)":[32],"becomes":[33],"a":[34,68,85,140],"new":[35],"approach":[36,137],"to":[37,47,71,124],"generates":[41],"much":[42],"fluent":[44],"results":[45,153],"compared":[46],"statistical":[48],"(SMT).":[51],"However,":[52],"SMT":[53,110],"is":[54,66],"usually":[55],"better":[56],"than":[57],"NMT":[58,77,108],"in":[59],"adequacy":[61],"word":[63],"coverage.":[64],"It":[65],"therefore":[67],"promising":[69],"direction":[70],"combine":[72],"advantages":[74],"both":[76,93,125],"SMT.":[79],"In":[80,117],"this":[81],"article,":[82],"we":[83,119],"propose":[84],"deep":[86],"network--based":[88],"system":[89,168,175],"combination":[90,169],"framework":[91],"leveraging":[92],"minimum":[94],"Bayes-risk":[95],"decoding":[96],"multi-source":[98],"NMT,":[99],"which":[100,163],"take":[101],"as":[102],"input":[103],"N-best":[105],"outputs":[106],"systems":[111],"produce":[113],"final":[115],"translation.":[116],"particular,":[118],"apply":[120],"proposed":[122,161],"model":[123],"RNN":[126],"self-attention":[128],"different":[131],"segmentation":[132],"granularity.":[133],"We":[134],"verify":[135],"our":[136,160],"empirically":[138],"through":[139],"series":[141],"experiments":[143],"on":[144],"resource-rich":[145],"Chinese\u21d2English":[146],"low-resource":[148],"English\u21d2Vietnamese":[149],"tasks.":[151],"Experimental":[152],"demonstrate":[154],"effectiveness":[156],"universality":[158],"approach,":[162],"significantly":[164],"outperforms":[165],"conventional":[167],"methods":[170],"best":[173],"individual":[174],"output.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
