{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3034719145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386321","title":"A history of Clojure","display_name":"A history of Clojure","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3034719145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386321","mag":"3034719145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3386321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386321","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3386321","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3386321","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076451896","display_name":"Rich Hickey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163361683","display_name":"Cognizant (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/036s7bw54","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163361683"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rich Hickey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitect, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitect, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163361683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076451896"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163361683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1762,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90122643,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"HOPL","first_page":"1","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lisp","display_name":"Lisp","score":0.9409422278404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7461549043655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.6388880610466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-programming","display_name":"Functional programming","score":0.42379987239837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coining","display_name":"Coining (mint)","score":0.41851380467414856}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190883126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132874","display_name":"Lisp","level":2,"score":0.9409422278404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7461549043655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6388880610466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42383842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193076","display_name":"Functional programming","level":2,"score":0.42379987239837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80509450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1894248","display_name":"Coining (mint)","level":2,"score":0.41851380467414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3386321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386321","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3386321","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3386321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386321","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3386321","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034719145.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034719145.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109545358","https://openalex.org/W1515932031","https://openalex.org/W1546727036","https://openalex.org/W1559314111","https://openalex.org/W1567927032","https://openalex.org/W1586902756","https://openalex.org/W1947321792","https://openalex.org/W2003507527","https://openalex.org/W2003696873","https://openalex.org/W2029786195","https://openalex.org/W2033787981","https://openalex.org/W2049109425","https://openalex.org/W2056070147","https://openalex.org/W2059349973","https://openalex.org/W2059895047","https://openalex.org/W2096498462","https://openalex.org/W2105045857","https://openalex.org/W2113349737","https://openalex.org/W2113547509","https://openalex.org/W2129990308","https://openalex.org/W2178287928","https://openalex.org/W2183621552","https://openalex.org/W2435606122","https://openalex.org/W2511514052","https://openalex.org/W4213048098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597453364","https://openalex.org/W2607262752","https://openalex.org/W2028766178","https://openalex.org/W1548358088","https://openalex.org/W1978806596","https://openalex.org/W2476104358","https://openalex.org/W2341116552","https://openalex.org/W4244303744","https://openalex.org/W2058090528","https://openalex.org/W4293423273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clojure":[0,31,73,108,138,178,186,207],"was":[1],"designed":[2,24],"to":[3,81,166,224],"be":[4],"a":[5,33,40,188],"general-purpose,":[6],"practical":[7],"functional":[8,134],"language,":[9,18,89],"suitable":[10],"for":[11,211],"use":[12],"by":[13,160],"professionals":[14],"wherever":[15],"its":[16,171,221],"host":[17,118],"e.g.,":[19],"Java,":[20],"would":[21],"be.":[22],"Initially":[23],"in":[25,29,77,107,143,177,187,191],"2005":[26],"and":[27,82,111,121,136,157,159,162,208,215,226],"released":[28],"2007,":[30],"is":[32,38,74,95],"dialect":[34],"of":[35,43,53,70,87,116,125,170,174,206],"Lisp,":[36,137],"but":[37,182],"not":[39,180],"direct":[41],"descendant":[42],"any":[44],"prior":[45],"Lisp.":[46],"It":[47,218],"complements":[48],"programming":[49,135],"with":[50,56,113],"pure":[51],"functions":[52],"immutable":[54],"data":[55],"concurrency-safe":[57],"state":[58],"management":[59],"constructs":[60],"that":[61,78,104],"support":[62],"writing":[63],"correct":[64],"multithreaded":[65],"programs":[66,105],"without":[67],"the":[68,85,92,114,117,129,167,175,200,203,209],"complexity":[69],"mutex":[71],"locks.":[72],"intentionally":[75],"hosted,":[76,195],"it":[79],"compiles":[80],"runs":[83],"on":[84],"runtime":[86],"another":[88],"such":[90],"as":[91,145,147],"JVM.":[93],"This":[94,197],"more":[96],"than":[97],"an":[98],"implementation":[99],"strategy;":[100],"numerous":[101],"features":[102],"ensure":[103],"written":[106],"can":[109],"leverage":[110],"interoperate":[112],"libraries":[115],"language":[119,192,216],"directly":[120],"efficiently.":[122],"In":[123],"spite":[124],"combining":[126],"two":[127],"(at":[128],"time)":[130],"rather":[131],"unpopular":[132],"ideas,":[133],"has":[139],"since":[140],"seen":[141],"adoption":[142],"industries":[144],"diverse":[146],"finance,":[148],"climate":[149],"science,":[150],"retail,":[151],"databases,":[152],"analytics,":[153],"publishing,":[154],"healthcare,":[155],"advertising":[156],"genomics,":[158],"consultancies":[161],"startups":[163],"worldwide,":[164],"much":[165],"career-altering":[168],"surprise":[169],"author.":[172],"Most":[173],"ideas":[176],"were":[179],"novel,":[181],"their":[183],"combination":[184],"puts":[185],"unique":[189],"spot":[190],"design":[193,213],"(functional,":[194],"Lisp).":[196],"paper":[198],"recounts":[199],"motivation":[201],"behind":[202],"initial":[204],"development":[205],"rationale":[210],"various":[212],"decisions":[214],"constructs.":[217],"then":[219],"covers":[220],"evolution":[222],"subsequent":[223],"release":[225],"adoption.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
