{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083741021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386263.3406915","title":"Enabling Resistive-RAM-based Activation Functions for Deep Neural Network Acceleration","display_name":"Enabling Resistive-RAM-based Activation Functions for Deep Neural Network Acceleration","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083741021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386263.3406915","mag":"3083741021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3386263.3406915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386263.3406915","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100410546","display_name":"Zihan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4107-532X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zihan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071148822","display_name":"Taozhong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-0199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taozhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102948623","display_name":"Ning Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-8343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146919","display_name":"Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03j1pdd39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100422764","display_name":"Qin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-1351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054897331","display_name":"Guanghui He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-6421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanghui He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043703962","display_name":"Weiguang Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7831-526X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiguang Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103236320","display_name":"Zhigang Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-9853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045693138","display_name":"Naifeng Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-5796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naifeng Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100410546"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08175989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3067","issue":null,"first_page":"345","last_page":"350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","score":0.8605188131332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossbar-switch","display_name":"Crossbar switch","score":0.8361996412277222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.731479287147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5634478330612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5408014059066772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5026428699493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4889301359653473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.47180119156837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.4695960283279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3936772644519806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3446670174598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.33441177010536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2307431697845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21877756714820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.17249774932861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.17185983061790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1146756112575531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.10028064250946045}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182019814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143830","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.8605188131332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29984679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929149","display_name":"Crossbar switch","level":2,"score":0.8361996412277222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.731479287147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5634478330612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5408014059066772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5026428699493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4889301359653473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.47180119156837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.4695960283279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3936772644519806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3446670174598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.33441177010536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2307431697845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21877756714820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.17249774932861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17185983061790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1146756112575531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.10028064250946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3386263.3406915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386263.3406915","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570991243","https://openalex.org/W1532002721","https://openalex.org/W1566256432","https://openalex.org/W1978262091","https://openalex.org/W2011791569","https://openalex.org/W2028341480","https://openalex.org/W2090413838","https://openalex.org/W2115452265","https://openalex.org/W2124861565","https://openalex.org/W2127123597","https://openalex.org/W2151121219","https://openalex.org/W2157348988","https://openalex.org/W2259472270","https://openalex.org/W2292877769","https://openalex.org/W2508602506","https://openalex.org/W2518281301","https://openalex.org/W2613989746","https://openalex.org/W2765479371","https://openalex.org/W2891455536","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2913104037","https://openalex.org/W2963285578","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963703360","https://openalex.org/W2963916998","https://openalex.org/W4243519499","https://openalex.org/W4254672563","https://openalex.org/W4254901135","https://openalex.org/W4288639769","https://openalex.org/W6679349498","https://openalex.org/W6685562342","https://openalex.org/W6745131995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145932742","https://openalex.org/W3005999147","https://openalex.org/W3176428941","https://openalex.org/W3089883684","https://openalex.org/W4232634182","https://openalex.org/W4301187613","https://openalex.org/W2923038022","https://openalex.org/W3008646524","https://openalex.org/W4385624997","https://openalex.org/W2593506445"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,142],"Resistive-RAM":[1],"(RRAM)":[2],"based":[3],"deep":[4],"neural":[5],"network":[6],"(DNN)":[7],"accelerators":[8],"have":[9],"shown":[10],"great":[11],"potential":[12],"as":[13,46],"they":[14],"are":[15],"good":[16],"at":[17],"solving":[18],"matrix-vector":[19],"multiplication":[20],"(MVM).":[21],"However,":[22],"this":[23,53],"computing":[24,113,152],"paradigm":[25],"does":[26],"not":[27],"benefit":[28],"other":[29],"NN":[30,50,135],"operations":[31],"like":[32,74],"activation,":[33],"which":[34,63],"may":[35],"be":[36],"built":[37],"upon":[38],"various":[39,65],"transcendental":[40,66,128],"functions":[41],"and":[42,60,79,130],"require":[43],"customized":[44],"circuit":[45,146],"in":[47,94,99,107,147,156],"current":[48],"RRAM-based":[49],"accelerators.":[51],"In":[52,102],"paper,":[54],"we":[55],"propose":[56],"the":[57,82,119,157,163],"RRAM-CORDIC":[58,83,120],"algorithm":[59,121],"crossbar":[61,72],"design":[62],"enable":[64],"activation":[67],"calculations":[68],"on":[69,126,138],"a":[70,108],"RRAM":[71,100],"just":[73],"MVM.":[75],"By":[76],"applying":[77],"encoding":[78],"multi-iteration":[80],"transformation,":[81],"can":[84,105,122,149],"exploit":[85],"higher":[86],"MAC":[87],"(multiply-and-accumulation)":[88],"parallelism":[89],"that":[90,118,161],"is":[91],"traditionally":[92],"uneconomic":[93],"CMOS":[95,145],"but":[96],"now":[97],"efficient":[98],"crossbar.":[101],"addition,":[103],"it":[104],"work":[106],"pipelined":[109],"manner":[110],"with":[111],"high":[112,124],"throughput.":[114],"Experiment":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"sustain":[123],"accuracy":[125,136],"different":[127,169],"functions,":[129],"deliver":[131],"less":[132],"than":[133],"0.5%":[134],"loss":[137],"typical":[139],"DNN":[140],"inference.":[141],"elimination":[143],"of":[144],"turn":[148],"trade":[150],"more":[151],"resources":[153],"for":[154,168],"MVM":[155],"same":[158],"area":[159],"budget":[160],"improves":[162],"performance":[164],"up":[165],"to":[166],"47%":[167],"networks.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}