{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008576902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3385656","title":"Better Classifier Calibration for Small Datasets","display_name":"Better Classifier Calibration for Small Datasets","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008576902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3385656","mag":"3008576902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3385656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3385656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.10199","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alasalmi Tuomo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9330-9995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alasalmi Tuomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9330-9995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jaakko Suutala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaakko Suutala","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Juha R\u00f6ning","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juha R\u00f6ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Heli Koskim\u00e4ki","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heli Koskim\u00e4ki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oura Health Ltd., Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oura Health Ltd., Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.408,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68316946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.30480000376701355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.30480000376701355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.21580000221729279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.059300001710653305,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.6111999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5968000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.5357999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5297999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayes-classifier","display_name":"Bayes classifier","score":0.5256999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.49300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7329000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.6111999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5968000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.5357999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5297999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185207860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004744","display_name":"Bayes classifier","level":4,"score":0.5256999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207201462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182505","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","level":3,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106135958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291993","display_name":"Random subspace method","level":3,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143809311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874458","display_name":"Bayes error rate","level":5,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189119545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5128022","display_name":"Probabilistic classification","level":4,"score":0.2655999958515167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3385656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3385656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2002.10199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.10199","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.10199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2002.10199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.10199","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.10199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489122873","https://openalex.org/W1540419678","https://openalex.org/W1977245551","https://openalex.org/W1995396954","https://openalex.org/W2008640468","https://openalex.org/W2012942264","https://openalex.org/W2016026777","https://openalex.org/W2023943903","https://openalex.org/W2030947209","https://openalex.org/W2034196543","https://openalex.org/W2070855716","https://openalex.org/W2074166357","https://openalex.org/W2098824882","https://openalex.org/W2117063635","https://openalex.org/W2137556846","https://openalex.org/W2140785063","https://openalex.org/W2150706391","https://openalex.org/W2167277498","https://openalex.org/W2398242707","https://openalex.org/W2742903863","https://openalex.org/W2769059631","https://openalex.org/W2793981515","https://openalex.org/W2962772482","https://openalex.org/W2998768810","https://openalex.org/W4214539918"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Classifier":[0],"calibration":[1,52,66,71,164],"does":[2],"not":[3,81],"always":[4],"go":[5],"hand":[6,8],"in":[7,74,120],"with":[9,105,132],"the":[10,15,25,39,47,87,100,124,127,133,141,153],"classifier\u2019s":[11],"ability":[12,26],"to":[13,27,50,54,69,117],"separate":[14],"classes.":[16],"There":[17],"are":[18],"applications":[19],"where":[20,77],"good":[21,163],"classifier":[22,79],"calibration,":[23],"i.e.,":[24],"produce":[28],"accurate":[29],"probability":[30],"estimates,":[31],"is":[32,45,67,80,104,115,160,165],"more":[33,63],"important":[34],"than":[35],"class":[36],"separation.":[37],"When":[38],"amount":[40,154],"of":[41,155],"data":[42,64,156],"for":[43,65,149,158],"training":[44,159],"limited,":[46],"traditional":[48,88],"approach":[49,89,93,143],"improve":[51,70],"starts":[53],"crumble.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57,108],"article,":[58],"we":[59],"show":[60],"how":[61],"generating":[62],"able":[68],"algorithm":[72],"performance":[73],"many":[75],"cases":[76],"a":[78],"naturally":[82],"producing":[83],"well-calibrated":[84],"outputs":[85],"and":[86,114,136,162],"fails.":[90],"The":[91],"proposed":[92,142],"adds":[94],"computational":[95,110],"cost":[96,111],"but":[97],"considering":[98],"that":[99],"main":[101],"use":[102],"case":[103],"small":[106],"datasets":[107],"extra":[109],"stays":[112],"insignificant":[113],"comparable":[116],"other":[118],"methods":[119],"prediction":[121],"time.":[122],"From":[123],"tested":[125],"classifiers,":[126],"largest":[128],"improvement":[129],"was":[130],"detected":[131],"random":[134],"forest":[135],"naive":[137],"Bayes":[138],"classifiers.":[139],"Therefore,":[140],"can":[144],"be":[145],"recommended":[146],"at":[147],"least":[148],"those":[150],"classifiers":[151],"when":[152],"available":[157],"limited":[161],"essential.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-02T08:42:23.175194","created_date":"2020-03-06T00:00:00"}