{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093749223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418853","title":"Multimodal Automatic Coding of Client Behavior in Motivational Interviewing","display_name":"Multimodal Automatic Coding of Client Behavior in Motivational Interviewing","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093749223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418853","mag":"3093749223","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34337616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3382507.3418853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418853","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3382507.3418853","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3382507.3418853","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021142881","display_name":"Leili Tavabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5270-1984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leili Tavabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081566320","display_name":"Kalin Stefanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-8660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalin Stefanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029163020","display_name":"Larry Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5573-1626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063671622","display_name":"Brian Borsari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1491-7771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Borsari","raw_affiliation_strings":["VA hospital San Francisco & University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VA hospital San Francisco & University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101826992","display_name":"Joshua D. Woolley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-0014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua D. Woolley","raw_affiliation_strings":["VA hospital San Francisco & University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VA hospital San Francisco & University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080030626","display_name":"Stefan Scherer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-5393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Scherer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024169758","display_name":"Mohammad Soleymani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-1434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Soleymani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.072,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94542863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"406","last_page":"413"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivational-interviewing","display_name":"Motivational interviewing","score":0.7795803546905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.7659761905670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.6642864346504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6363756060600281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5190578103065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5093873143196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interview","display_name":"Interview","score":0.4767007529735565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4137239456176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.39596664905548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3694237470626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3461375832557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.11580044031143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.10419157147407532}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759158","display_name":"Motivational interviewing","level":3,"score":0.7795803546905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.7659761905670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.6642864346504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6363756060600281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5190578103065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5093873143196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24845683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178651","display_name":"Interview","level":2,"score":0.4767007529735565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4137239456176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.39596664905548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3694237470626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3461375832557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.11580044031143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.10419157147407532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3382507.3418853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418853","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3382507.3418853","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34337616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34337616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ... ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction. ICMI (Conference)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8321780","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8321780","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc ACM Int Conf Multimodal Interact","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3382507.3418853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418853","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3382507.3418853","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1436394029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01-AA012518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G220382930","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AA017427","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2678715113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AA027225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2873865041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AA12518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3800858510","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01AA12518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5565126144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AA027225, R01 AA017427 and R01 AA12518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7314809814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AA017427 and R01 AA12518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzrsm59"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093749223.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093749223.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1964448744","https://openalex.org/W1970379189","https://openalex.org/W1989464534","https://openalex.org/W2024274950","https://openalex.org/W2039453340","https://openalex.org/W2077500672","https://openalex.org/W2095176743","https://openalex.org/W2102582267","https://openalex.org/W2149129894","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2239141610","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2324562408","https://openalex.org/W2526050071","https://openalex.org/W2593116425","https://openalex.org/W2710729066","https://openalex.org/W2748039753","https://openalex.org/W2777220936","https://openalex.org/W2889101895","https://openalex.org/W2891331025","https://openalex.org/W2895624192","https://openalex.org/W2951975883","https://openalex.org/W3008130537","https://openalex.org/W3018382390","https://openalex.org/W3024489365","https://openalex.org/W3038711424"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968552888","https://openalex.org/W2374116601","https://openalex.org/W3093134843","https://openalex.org/W1511346092","https://openalex.org/W1527532029","https://openalex.org/W2529301793","https://openalex.org/W3133700904","https://openalex.org/W2393801080","https://openalex.org/W1585135548","https://openalex.org/W2897294331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Motivational":[0],"Interviewing":[1],"(MI)":[2],"is":[3],"defined":[4],"as":[5,31,38],"a":[6,90,94,132,211],"collaborative":[7],"conversation":[8],"style":[9],"that":[10,80,182],"evokes":[11],"the":[12,23,58,84,138,143,153,201,222,231],"client's":[13,85],"own":[14],"intrinsic":[15],"reasons":[16],"for":[17,57,167,210,220,225,233],"behavioral":[18,73,170,227],"change.":[19,46],"In":[20,66],"MI":[21,63,139,188],"research,":[22],"clients'":[24,144,149,191,223],"attitude":[25],"(willingness":[26],"or":[27],"resistance)":[28],"toward":[29,87],"change":[30,88],"expressed":[32],"through":[33,174],"language,":[34],"has":[35],"been":[36],"identified":[37],"an":[39,206],"important":[40],"indicator":[41],"of":[42,49,62,83,96,120,155,172,208],"their":[43],"subsequent":[44],"behavior":[45,86],"Automated":[47],"coding":[48],"these":[50],"indicators":[51],"provides":[52],"systematic":[53],"and":[54,60,71,78,102,109,114,145,148,151,176,203],"efficient":[55],"means":[56],"analysis":[59,180],"assessment":[61],"therapy":[64,91],"sessions.":[65],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,162,183],"study":[70],"analyze":[72],"cues":[74],"in":[75,158],"client":[76],"language":[77,108,147,175],"speech":[79],"bear":[81],"indications":[82],"during":[89],"session,":[92],"using":[93,141,190,221],"database":[95],"dyadic":[97],"motivational":[98],"interviews":[99],"between":[100],"therapists":[101],"clients":[103,173],"with":[104,195],"alcohol-related":[105],"problems.":[106],"Deep":[107],"voice":[110,177],"encoders,":[111],"\\ie":[112],"BERT":[113],"VGGish,":[115],"trained":[116],"on":[117],"large":[118],"amounts":[119],"data":[121,224],"are":[122,184],"used":[123],"to":[124,135,186],"extract":[125],"features":[126],"from":[127,199],"each":[128],"utterance.":[129],"We":[130,215],"develop":[131,163],"neural":[133],"network":[134],"automatically":[136],"detect":[137],"codes":[140,189],"both":[142,200],"therapists'":[146],"voice,":[150],"demonstrate":[152],"importance":[154],"semantic":[156],"context":[157,198],"such":[159],"detection.":[160],"Additionally,":[161],"machine":[164],"learning":[165],"models":[166],"predicting":[168,226],"alcohol-use":[169],"outcomes":[171],"analysis.":[178],"Our":[179],"demonstrates":[181],"able":[185],"estimate":[187],"textual":[192,197],"utterances":[193],"along":[194],"preceding":[196],"therapist":[202],"client,":[204],"reaching":[205],"F1-score":[207],"0.72":[209],"speaker-independent":[212],"three-class":[213],"classification.":[214],"also":[216],"report":[217],"initial":[218],"results":[219],"outcomes,":[228],"which":[229],"outlines":[230],"direction":[232],"future":[234],"work.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}