{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3094091889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418816","title":"Gaze Tracker Accuracy and Precision Measurements in Virtual Reality Headsets","display_name":"Gaze Tracker Accuracy and Precision Measurements in Virtual Reality Headsets","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3094091889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418816","mag":"3094091889"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3382507.3418816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418816","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068617561","display_name":"Jari Kangas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1970-1862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jari Kangas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065477340","display_name":"Olli Koskinen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olli Koskinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091373454","display_name":"Roope Raisamo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3276-7866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roope Raisamo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46948561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"640","last_page":"644"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/headset","display_name":"Headset","score":0.8811419010162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.7856216430664062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7605414390563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.7238302230834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7120323777198792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6219083070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6210874319076538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.59319669008255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4144715666770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.3441781997680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3395461440086365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780657452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193170","display_name":"Headset","level":2,"score":0.8811419010162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.7856216430664062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7605414390563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.7238302230834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7120323777198792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6219083070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6210874319076538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.59319669008255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4144715666770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.3441781997680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3395461440086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3382507.3418816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418816","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/216977","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/216977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401860","display_name":"Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150589677","host_organization_name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6493156526","display_name":"Smart Life Finland \u2014 Tampereen korkeakoulus\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6 sr (930/31/2019)","funder_award_id":"930/31/2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","funder_display_name":"Business Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","display_name":"Business Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgf9v38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003407287","https://openalex.org/W2028743855","https://openalex.org/W2046775124","https://openalex.org/W2082490348","https://openalex.org/W2086095402","https://openalex.org/W2992421674","https://openalex.org/W3033113680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294974825","https://openalex.org/W3173825713","https://openalex.org/W4224238571","https://openalex.org/W3027547044","https://openalex.org/W2480793735","https://openalex.org/W2562843170","https://openalex.org/W4302759797","https://openalex.org/W4384788979","https://openalex.org/W2511178891","https://openalex.org/W178060743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"effectively":[1],"utilize":[2],"a":[3,27,53,68,91],"gaze":[4,18,36,59,69,87,112],"tracker":[5,60,113],"in":[6,38,114,150],"user":[7],"interaction":[8],"it":[9,21],"is":[10,22,52],"important":[11],"to":[12,29,138,155],"know":[13],"the":[14,17,31,58,74,85,97,106,111,118,125,134,143,151,160,164,168,171],"quality":[15],"of":[16,35,45,84,93,96,105,110,133,167,174],"data":[19,64,88],"that":[20,56,71],"measuring.":[23],"We":[24],"have":[25],"developed":[26],"method":[28,43,123],"evaluate":[30],"accuracy":[32,98,107,129],"and":[33,61,89,99,108,130],"precision":[34,109],"trackers":[37],"virtual":[39,119],"reality":[40],"headsets.":[41],"The":[42,49,77,101],"consists":[44],"two":[46],"software":[47,55],"components.":[48],"first":[50],"component":[51,79],"simulation":[54],"calibrates":[57],"then":[62],"performs":[63],"collection":[65],"by":[66],"providing":[67],"target":[70],"moves":[72],"around":[73],"headset's":[75],"field-of-view.":[76],"second":[78],"makes":[80],"an":[81],"off-line":[82],"analysis":[83,102],"logged":[86],"provides":[90],"number":[92],"measurement":[94],"results":[95,103],"precision.":[100,131],"consist":[104],"different":[115],"directions":[116],"inside":[117],"3D":[120],"space.":[121],"Our":[122],"combines":[124],"measurements":[126,135],"into":[127],"overall":[128],"Visualizations":[132],"are":[136,153],"created":[137],"see":[139],"possible":[140],"trends":[141],"over":[142],"display":[144,152,169],"area.":[145],"Results":[146],"from":[147],"selected":[148],"areas":[149,161],"analyzed":[154],"find":[156],"out":[157],"differences":[158],"between":[159],"(for":[162],"example,":[163],"middle/outer":[165],"edge":[166],"or":[170],"upper/lower":[172],"part":[173],"display).":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}