{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3090869060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377812.3390896","title":"Improving automated program repair using two-layer tree-based neural networks","display_name":"Improving automated program repair using two-layer tree-based neural networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3090869060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377812.3390896","mag":"3090869060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3377812.3390896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377812.3390896","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421812","display_name":"Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-8208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Inst. of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Inst. of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070990953","display_name":"Shaohua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-7759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Inst. of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Inst. of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089000736","display_name":"Tien N. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7962-6090"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien N. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"316","last_page":"317"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8162176012992859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6958513259887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.6518632173538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6426464915275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.6255189776420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.550468385219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.49629145860671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48349645733833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4479026794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.43260499835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3585726022720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3413114547729492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.20793864130973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.08455392718315125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8162176012992859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6958513259887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.6518632173538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6426464915275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.6255189776420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.550468385219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.49629145860671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48349645733833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4479026794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.43260499835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3585726022720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3413114547729492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.20793864130973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.08455392718315125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3377812.3390896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377812.3390896","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W2064459023","https://openalex.org/W2145373440","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2740130372","https://openalex.org/W2767766265","https://openalex.org/W2888557792","https://openalex.org/W2954823997","https://openalex.org/W2979566992","https://openalex.org/W3101193405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2611989081","https://openalex.org/W4230611425","https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W4294635752","https://openalex.org/W4304166257","https://openalex.org/W4383066092","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W3081644756","https://openalex.org/W4286530553"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"DLFix,":[2],"a":[3,31],"two-layer":[4],"tree-based":[5],"model":[6],"learning":[7,90],"bug-fixing":[8,48],"code":[9,14,28,49],"changes":[10],"and":[11,33,63,68],"their":[12],"surrounding":[13,27],"context":[15,29],"to":[16,45,70],"improve":[17],"Automated":[18],"Program":[19],"Repair":[20],"(APR).":[21],"The":[22],"first":[23],"layer":[24,41],"learns":[25],"the":[26,39,47,71,86],"of":[30],"fix":[32,60,80],"uses":[34],"it":[35],"as":[36],"weights":[37],"for":[38],"second":[40],"that":[42,57],"is":[43],"used":[44],"learn":[46],"transformation.":[50],"Our":[51],"empirical":[52],"results":[53,65],"on":[54],"Defect4J":[55],"show":[56],"DLFix":[58,78],"can":[59,79],"30":[61],"bugs":[62,84],"its":[64],"are":[66],"comparable":[67],"complementary":[69],"best":[72,87],"performing":[73,88],"pattern-based":[74],"APR":[75],"tools.":[76],"Furthermore,":[77],"2.5":[81],"times":[82],"more":[83],"than":[85],"deep":[89],"baseline.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}