{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3007348132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377427","title":"An Incremental Mindset Intervention Increases Effort During Programming Activities but Not Performance","display_name":"An Incremental Mindset Intervention Increases Effort During Programming Activities but Not Performance","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3007348132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377427","mag":"3007348132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3377427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074522935","display_name":"Jakeline G. Celis Rangel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jakeline G. Celis Rangel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034959491","display_name":"M.E. King","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026476203","display_name":"Kasia M\u00fcldner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4660-5315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kasia Muldner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074522935"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6111,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83516817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13542","display_name":"Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mindset","display_name":"Mindset","score":0.9910480976104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.5752049684524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5601022839546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.47943562269210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.47453296184539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.42842233180999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4161817729473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.3530985713005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3421434164047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20519137382507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07923704385757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07769891619682312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778491294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339824","display_name":"Mindset","level":2,"score":0.9910480976104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5752049684524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5601022839546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.47943562269210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47453296184539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.42842233180999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4161817729473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3530985713005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3421434164047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20519137382507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07923704385757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07769891619682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3377427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3377427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321487","display_name":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522024619","https://openalex.org/W1973019568","https://openalex.org/W2005033477","https://openalex.org/W2016387928","https://openalex.org/W2022121644","https://openalex.org/W2023267589","https://openalex.org/W2028056796","https://openalex.org/W2031725313","https://openalex.org/W2037131152","https://openalex.org/W2039612509","https://openalex.org/W2066320299","https://openalex.org/W2072018409","https://openalex.org/W2089075663","https://openalex.org/W2091279790","https://openalex.org/W2100029531","https://openalex.org/W2101245043","https://openalex.org/W2104916970","https://openalex.org/W2113101808","https://openalex.org/W2119867710","https://openalex.org/W2135175034","https://openalex.org/W2137000896","https://openalex.org/W2150932122","https://openalex.org/W2167884222","https://openalex.org/W2168035044","https://openalex.org/W2339183141","https://openalex.org/W2463934873","https://openalex.org/W2476163173","https://openalex.org/W2508466548","https://openalex.org/W2766599972","https://openalex.org/W2766624855","https://openalex.org/W3098231782","https://openalex.org/W3161942012","https://openalex.org/W4232734316","https://openalex.org/W4235399758","https://openalex.org/W4243459609","https://openalex.org/W4247391295","https://openalex.org/W4299627282","https://openalex.org/W4302364084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281773849","https://openalex.org/W4239175313","https://openalex.org/W4386786145","https://openalex.org/W2908046332","https://openalex.org/W4232834483","https://openalex.org/W3192666801","https://openalex.org/W3009062738","https://openalex.org/W3163116104","https://openalex.org/W4389580136","https://openalex.org/W2153408742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"to":[1,23,30,114,140,160,181,197],"program":[2,169],"requires":[3],"perseverance,":[4],"practice,":[5],"and":[6,44,62,88,129,167,171],"the":[7,21,72,80,94,100,116,141,144,188,198],"mindset":[8,38,56,121],"that":[9,18,40,53],"programming":[10,101,112,127,184],"skills":[11],"are":[12],"improved":[13,47],"through":[14,60],"these":[15],"activities":[16],"(i.e.,":[17],"everyone":[19],"has":[20],"potential":[22],"become":[24],"good":[25],"at":[26],"programming).":[27],"In":[28],"contrast":[29],"an":[31,36,54,119,132,151],"entity":[32],"mindset,":[33,87,153],"individuals":[34,67],"with":[35,48],"incremental":[37,55,120,152],"believe":[39],"ability":[41],"is":[42,78],"malleable":[43],"can":[45,57],"be":[46,58,195],"effort.":[49,75],"Prior":[50],"research":[51,83],"shows":[52],"promoted":[59],"interventions":[61],"that,":[63],"as":[64],"a":[65,85,111],"result,":[66],"report":[68],"increased":[69],"belief":[70],"in":[71,99,131,156,183],"value":[73],"of":[74,82,96,118],"Although":[76],"this":[77,97,191],"encouraging,":[79],"majority":[81],"targets":[84],"general":[86],"so":[89],"little":[90],"work":[91],"exists":[92],"exploring":[93],"effect":[95,117],"construct":[98],"domain.":[102],"The":[103,135],"present":[104],"study":[105],"(":[106],"N":[107],"=":[108],"47)":[109],"used":[110],"activity":[113],"test":[115],"intervention":[122,136],"on":[123,165],"participants\u2019":[124],"beliefs,":[125],"effort,":[126,161],"behaviors,":[128,176],"performance":[130],"experimental":[133,145],"study.":[134],"was":[137],"successful.":[138],"Compared":[139],"control":[142],"group,":[143],"group":[146],"shifted":[147],"significantly":[148],"more":[149,168],"toward":[150],"which":[154],"resulted":[155],"beneficial":[157],"behaviors":[158],"related":[159,196],"namely":[162],"higher":[163],"time":[164],"task":[166],"creation":[170],"modification":[172],"actions.":[173],"These":[174],"positive":[175],"however,":[177],"did":[178],"not":[179],"translate":[180],"improvements":[182],"performance.":[185],"We":[186],"speculate":[187],"reason":[189],"for":[190,200],"latter":[192],"finding":[193],"may":[194],"need":[199],"additional":[201],"domain-based":[202],"support.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
