{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012956981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375923.3375956","title":"Improved Pathogen Recognition using Non-Euclidean Distance Metrics andWeighted kNN","display_name":"Improved Pathogen Recognition using Non-Euclidean Distance Metrics andWeighted kNN","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012956981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375923.3375956","mag":"3012956981"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3375923.3375956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375923.3375956","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 6th International Conference on Biomedical and Bioinformatics Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076096572","display_name":"Mukunthan Tharmakulasingam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2081-7865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukunthan Tharmakulasingam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070786755","display_name":"Cihan Topal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6329-5251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091955","display_name":"Eskisehir Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gcgqv39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091955"]}],"countries":["GB","TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cihan Topal","raw_affiliation_strings":["CVSSP, University of Surrey, UK, Eskisehir Technical University, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CVSSP, University of Surrey, UK, Eskisehir Technical University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843","https://openalex.org/I4210091955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111819494","display_name":"Anil Fernando","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Fernando","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056667622","display_name":"Roberto M. La Ragione","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5861-613X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto La Ragione","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87325834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"118","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12388","display_name":"Identification and Quantification in Food","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.833870530128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.637951135635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.594710111618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5933957695960999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5424696803092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5266561508178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.499164342880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.45569437742233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4400857090950012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.43334487080574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1899663805961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15402889251708984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.833870530128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.637951135635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.594710111618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5933957695960999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5424696803092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5266561508178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.499164342880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.45569437742233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4400857090950012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43334487080574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1899663805961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15402889251708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3375923.3375956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375923.3375956","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 6th International Conference on Biomedical and Bioinformatics Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313885","display_name":"Zoetis","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006259329","https://openalex.org/W2044385571","https://openalex.org/W2057936693","https://openalex.org/W2086093768","https://openalex.org/W2131542358","https://openalex.org/W2169063504","https://openalex.org/W2332271625","https://openalex.org/W2471503074","https://openalex.org/W2510620627","https://openalex.org/W2548536088","https://openalex.org/W2745593907","https://openalex.org/W2762646486","https://openalex.org/W2791150000","https://openalex.org/W2801156460","https://openalex.org/W2937511596","https://openalex.org/W2998216295","https://openalex.org/W4232526904","https://openalex.org/W4246842721","https://openalex.org/W7066667914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898732673","https://openalex.org/W2375480909","https://openalex.org/W2353314428","https://openalex.org/W2410053581","https://openalex.org/W2383658677","https://openalex.org/W2019538911","https://openalex.org/W2467200550","https://openalex.org/W1996805379","https://openalex.org/W2007713238","https://openalex.org/W4234584818"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,138],"timely":[1],"identification":[2,25],"of":[3,26,85,136,156,168],"pathogens":[4,28,191],"is":[5,78,186],"vital":[6],"in":[7,24,58,158,175],"order":[8],"to":[9,72,112,117,130,188],"effectively":[10],"control":[11],"diseases":[12,50],"and":[13,29,51,88,106,152,154,162,178,205],"avoid":[14],"antimicrobial":[15],"resistance.":[16],"Non-invasive":[17],"point-of-care":[18],"diagnostic":[19],"tools":[20],"are":[21,55],"recently":[22],"trending":[23],"the":[27,59,83,133,147],"becoming":[30],"a":[31],"helpful":[32],"tool":[33],"especially":[34],"for":[35,48,91,142],"rural":[36],"areas.":[37],"Machine":[38],"learning":[39],"approaches":[40],"have":[41,62],"been":[42],"widely":[43],"applied":[44],"on":[45,95],"biological":[46,70],"markers":[47,71],"predicting":[49],"pathogens.":[52,75,119],"However,":[53],"there":[54,77],"few":[56],"studies":[57],"literature":[60],"that":[61,184],"utilized":[63,124,141],"volatile":[64],"organic":[65],"compounds":[66],"(VOCs)":[67],"as":[68],"non-invasive":[69],"identify":[73,113],"bacterial":[74],"Furthermore,":[76],"no":[79],"comprehensive":[80],"study":[81],"investigating":[82],"effect":[84],"different":[86,172],"distance":[87,105,173,207],"similarity":[89,107],"metrics":[90,108,174],"pathogen":[92],"classification":[93],"based":[94],"VOC":[96],"data.":[97],"In":[98,120],"this":[99],"study,":[100],"we":[101,122,140],"compared":[102],"various":[103],"non-Euclidean":[104],"with":[109,170,198],"Euclidean":[110],"metric":[111],"significantly":[114],"contributing":[115],"VOCs":[116,161,195],"predict":[118,190],"addition,":[121],"also":[123],"backward":[125],"feature":[126],"elimination":[127],"(BFE)":[128],"method":[129],"accurately":[131],"select":[132],"best":[134],"set":[135,167],"features.":[137],"dataset":[139],"experiments":[143,169,182],"was":[144],"composed":[145],"from":[146],"publications":[148],"published":[149],"between":[150,159],"1977":[151],"2016,":[153],"consisted":[155],"associations":[157],"703":[160,197],"11":[163],"pathogens.We":[164],"performed":[165],"extensive":[166],"five":[171],"both":[176],"uniform":[177],"weighted":[179],"manner.":[180],"Comprehensive":[181],"showed":[183],"it":[185],"possible":[187],"correctly":[189],"by":[192],"using":[193,201],"68":[194],"among":[196],"78.6%":[199],"accuracy":[200],"k-nearest":[202],"neighbour":[203],"classifier":[204],"Sorensen":[206],"metric.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
