{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3010932828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375706.3380552","title":"CVShield","display_name":"CVShield","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3010932828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375706.3380552","mag":"3010932828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3375706.3380552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375706.3380552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second ACM Workshop on Automotive and Aerial Vehicle Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052229321","display_name":"Shengtuo Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shengtuo Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063270515","display_name":"Qi Alfred Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-9285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Alfred Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007956374","display_name":"Jiwon Joung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiwon Joung","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058370816","display_name":"Can Carlak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Can Carlak","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011085340","display_name":"Yiheng Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-3222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiheng Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003217329","display_name":"Z. Morley Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-2055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Morley Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083695605","display_name":"Henry X. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-9920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry X. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052229321"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89580574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8738924860954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6044814586639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5249747633934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5217695832252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4692266881465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.4465380907058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4387633502483368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slicing","display_name":"Slicing","score":0.4365793466567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1952204704284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1505730152130127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8738924860954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6044814586639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5249747633934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5217695832252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4692266881465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.4465380907058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4387633502483368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776190703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488148","display_name":"Slicing","level":2,"score":0.4365793466567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1952204704284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1505730152130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3375706.3380552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3375706.3380552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second ACM Workshop on Automotive and Aerial Vehicle Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87635799","https://openalex.org/W2116520617","https://openalex.org/W2165005140","https://openalex.org/W2293624369","https://openalex.org/W2488366091","https://openalex.org/W2792291478","https://openalex.org/W2884989375","https://openalex.org/W4232006083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393746923","https://openalex.org/W2972496411","https://openalex.org/W3033662781","https://openalex.org/W4239223006","https://openalex.org/W2360869927","https://openalex.org/W2137530048","https://openalex.org/W2050876785","https://openalex.org/W2074642116","https://openalex.org/W3164401656","https://openalex.org/W2392031372"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"emerging":[1],"Connected":[2],"Vehicle":[3],"(CV)":[4],"technology":[5],"enables":[6],"vehicles":[7,53,77],"to":[8,64,74,111,127,170,181,185],"wirelessly":[9],"exchange":[10],"safety":[11,49],"and":[12,17,22,54,133,154,190,208],"mobility":[13],"information":[14],"(e.g.,":[15,33,96],"location":[16],"speed)":[18],"with":[19],"traffic":[20],"infrastructure":[21],"other":[23],"vehicles.":[24],"Existing":[25],"CV":[26],"applications":[27],"heavily":[28],"rely":[29],"on":[30],"sensor":[31,57,69,81,106,128],"inputs":[32],"GPS).":[34],"However,":[35,147],"previous":[36],"work":[37],"has":[38],"shown":[39],"that":[40,124,201],"the":[41,66,90,102,105,115,136,142,160,163,172,213],"attacker":[42],"can":[43,100,203,211],"cause":[44],"severe":[45],"congestion":[46],"or":[47],"increased":[48],"risks":[50],"by":[51,217],"compromising":[52],"broadcasting":[55],"falsified":[56,80],"data.":[58,70],"Thus,":[59],"it":[60],"is":[61,152],"highly":[62],"desirable":[63],"ensure":[65,101],"integrity":[67,103],"of":[68,104,162,220],"In":[71,118],"this":[72],"paper,":[73],"prevent":[75],"compromised":[76],"from":[78,108,135],"sending":[79],"data,":[82],"we":[83,120,157,179],"propose":[84,180],"a":[85],"system":[86],"CVShield,":[87],"which":[88],"utilizes":[89],"recent":[91],"advances":[92],"in":[93,168,194],"hardware-assisted":[94],"security":[95],"ARM":[97],"TrustZone).":[98],"CVShield":[99,202],"data":[107,129,206],"their":[109,112],"reading":[110],"transmission":[113,134],"at":[114],"vehicle":[116],"side.":[117],"general,":[119],"relocate":[121],"all":[122],"codes":[123,193],"are":[125],"related":[126],"reading,":[130,207],"processing,":[131],"encapsulation,":[132],"rich":[137],"execution":[138,144],"environment":[139,145],"(REE)":[140],"into":[141],"trusted":[143,164],"(TEE).":[146],"manually":[148],"extracting":[149],"code":[150,188],"sections":[151,189],"laborious":[153],"error-prone.":[155],"Also,":[156],"should":[158],"minimize":[159],"size":[161],"computing":[165],"base":[166],"(TCB)":[167],"TEE":[169],"reduce":[171],"attack":[173],"surface.":[174],"To":[175],"achieve":[176],"these":[177],"goals,":[178],"leverage":[182],"program":[183],"slicing":[184],"automatically":[186],"extract":[187],"eliminating":[191],"irrelevant":[192],"large":[195],"codebases.":[196],"Our":[197],"initial":[198],"results":[199],"demonstrate":[200],"support":[204],"GPS":[205],"our":[209],"optimization":[210],"eliminate":[212],"time":[214],"overhead":[215],"introduced":[216],"context":[218],"switches":[219],"TrustZone.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2020-03-23T00:00:00"}
