{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011915968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378532","title":"DNNGuard: An Elastic Heterogeneous DNN Accelerator Architecture against Adversarial Attacks","display_name":"DNNGuard: An Elastic Heterogeneous DNN Accelerator Architecture against Adversarial Attacks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011915968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378532","mag":"3011915968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3373376.3378532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378532","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373376.3378532","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373376.3378532","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036982595","display_name":"Xingbin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1432-6429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingbin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, CAS & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, CAS & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013903881","display_name":"Rui Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-7632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065309179","display_name":"Boyan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9799-3146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089355337","display_name":"Fengkai Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-8642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengkai Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100433090","display_name":"Jun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-7028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113795","display_name":"Hubei University of Arts and Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212jcf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101525319","display_name":"Dan Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1980-9283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047215143","display_name":"Xuehai Qian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuehai Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036982595"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.262,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93396794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"19","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.8785508275032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.8180984854698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7733244895935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.6381975412368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6374903917312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5698381662368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5505021214485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5429770946502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4942901134490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4347066581249237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.42553484439849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4075873792171478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4054572582244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3549456000328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.32893115282058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09630122780799866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8785508275032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.8180984854698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7733244895935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.6381975412368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6374903917312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5698381662368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5505021214485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5429770946502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4942901134490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4347066581249237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.42553484439849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4075873792171478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4054572582244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3549456000328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.32893115282058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09630122780799866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3373376.3378532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378532","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373376.3378532","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3373376.3378532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378532","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373376.3378532","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G424403663","display_name":"Collaborative Research: Evaluation of 2D vs. 3D Multielectrode Resistivity for the Characterization of Shallow Karst","funder_award_id":"0201020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5004504071","display_name":"CAREER: Algorithm-Centric High Performance Graph Processing","funder_award_id":"1750656","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5458957665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1919289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G557336105","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. CCF-1750656 CCF-1919289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6092014333","display_name":"SPX: Collaborative Research: FASTLEAP: FPGA based compact Deep Learning Platform","funder_award_id":"1919289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7113334034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1750656","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3011915968.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3011915968.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W220440441","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2127141656","https://openalex.org/W2160428323","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2184045248","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2243397390","https://openalex.org/W2244090709","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2515287984","https://openalex.org/W2543927648","https://openalex.org/W2561975083","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2611576673","https://openalex.org/W2618043096","https://openalex.org/W2735471653","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W2751366252","https://openalex.org/W2765233338","https://openalex.org/W2765424254","https://openalex.org/W2766462876","https://openalex.org/W2774018344","https://openalex.org/W2786163515","https://openalex.org/W2790925711","https://openalex.org/W2807581456","https://openalex.org/W2808877322","https://openalex.org/W2891797654","https://openalex.org/W2913668833","https://openalex.org/W2933438941","https://openalex.org/W2947133760","https://openalex.org/W2948132731","https://openalex.org/W2949212577","https://openalex.org/W2952075007","https://openalex.org/W2952388520","https://openalex.org/W2953212265","https://openalex.org/W2963207607","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963367920","https://openalex.org/W2963485691","https://openalex.org/W2963496101","https://openalex.org/W2963626025","https://openalex.org/W2963771536","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964153729","https://openalex.org/W2964164993","https://openalex.org/W2967236168","https://openalex.org/W2981727209","https://openalex.org/W3103557498","https://openalex.org/W3104393472","https://openalex.org/W3105599650","https://openalex.org/W4212774754","https://openalex.org/W4214651231","https://openalex.org/W4246001895","https://openalex.org/W6730762871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4320018150","https://openalex.org/W2918664383","https://openalex.org/W203812490","https://openalex.org/W4320855730","https://openalex.org/W3123119822","https://openalex.org/W106056076","https://openalex.org/W2135200719","https://openalex.org/W2950183588","https://openalex.org/W3080754722","https://openalex.org/W3093978547"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"studies":[1],"show":[2],"that":[3,13],"Deep":[4],"Neural":[5],"Networks":[6],"(DNN)":[7],"are":[8,14],"vulnerable":[9],"to":[10,21,32,56,73],"adversarial":[11,47,60],"samples":[12],"generated":[15],"by":[16],"perturbing":[17],"correctly":[18],"classified":[19],"inputs":[20],"cause":[22],"the":[23,59,99],"misclassification":[24],"of":[25,53,79],"DNN":[26,70,88],"models.":[27],"This":[28],"can":[29],"potentially":[30],"lead":[31],"disastrous":[33],"consequences,":[34],"especially":[35],"in":[36,68,77,98],"security-sensitive":[37],"applications":[38],"such":[39],"as":[40],"unmanned":[41],"vehicles,":[42],"finance":[43],"and":[44,83],"healthcare.":[45],"Existing":[46],"defense":[48,66,100],"methods":[49,67],"require":[50],"a":[51],"variety":[52],"computing":[54],"units":[55],"effectively":[57],"detect":[58],"samples.":[61],"However,":[62],"deploying":[63],"adversary":[64],"sample":[65],"existing":[69,87],"accelerators":[71,89],"leads":[72],"many":[74],"key":[75],"issues":[76],"terms":[78],"cost,":[80],"computational":[81],"efficiency":[82],"information":[84],"security.":[85],"Moreover,":[86],"cannot":[90],"provide":[91],"effective":[92],"support":[93],"for":[94],"special":[95],"computation":[96],"required":[97],"methods.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}