{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3023678816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373355","title":"A Theoretical Foundation for Timing Synchronous Systems Using Asynchronous Structures","display_name":"A Theoretical Foundation for Timing Synchronous Systems Using Asynchronous Structures","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3023678816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373355","mag":"3023678816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3373355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373355","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373355","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373355","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041769021","display_name":"Ramy N. Tadros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-4867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramy N. Tadros","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084205024","display_name":"Peter A. Beerel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-0168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Beerel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0371447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.9016187787055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.8330373764038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7944064736366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-system","display_name":"Asynchronous system","score":0.6023247838020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-circuit","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","score":0.5613754391670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.5557015538215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-circuit","display_name":"Asynchronous circuit","score":0.47922688722610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4681677520275116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.35587412118911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3549728989601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33209145069122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2215127944946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15950319170951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.08487540483474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07206550240516663}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.9016187787055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.8330373764038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7944064736366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7923308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4812211","display_name":"Asynchronous system","level":5,"score":0.6023247838020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42196554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186179","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","level":4,"score":0.5613754391670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.5557015538215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87695204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629971","display_name":"Asynchronous circuit","level":5,"score":0.47922688722610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4681677520275116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.35587412118911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3549728989601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33209145069122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2215127944946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15950319170951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.08487540483474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07206550240516663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3373355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373355","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373355","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3373355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373355","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3373355","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3446843191","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-17-1-0120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5533939718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-17-1-0120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333051","funder_display_name":"Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6545241716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-17-1-0120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312530","funder_display_name":"Office of the Director of National Intelligence"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7452299184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312530","display_name":"Office of the Director of National Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01v3fsc55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333051","display_name":"Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity","ror":"https://ror.org/01v3fsc55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337349","display_name":"NIH Office of the Director","ror":"https://ror.org/00fj8a872"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3023678816.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3023678816.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W232434517","https://openalex.org/W1518236483","https://openalex.org/W1545004162","https://openalex.org/W1576295179","https://openalex.org/W1604973310","https://openalex.org/W1974229901","https://openalex.org/W1983137717","https://openalex.org/W1996109622","https://openalex.org/W2029279820","https://openalex.org/W2049454663","https://openalex.org/W2050890381","https://openalex.org/W2069142841","https://openalex.org/W2102159907","https://openalex.org/W2119587409","https://openalex.org/W2132385281","https://openalex.org/W2137807823","https://openalex.org/W2143436053","https://openalex.org/W2150302545","https://openalex.org/W2152385473","https://openalex.org/W2527193322","https://openalex.org/W2607359301","https://openalex.org/W2783525259","https://openalex.org/W2886171429","https://openalex.org/W2993084831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W364924225","https://openalex.org/W2384756109","https://openalex.org/W4312516786","https://openalex.org/W2237508561","https://openalex.org/W1993985975","https://openalex.org/W142020038","https://openalex.org/W803506773","https://openalex.org/W2078264798","https://openalex.org/W1671389381","https://openalex.org/W2184151347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Timing":[0],"of":[1,33,55,72,98,131,138],"synchronous":[2,101,139],"systems":[3],"is":[4,27],"an":[5,83,120],"everlasting":[6],"stumbling":[7],"block":[8],"to":[9,48,86,89],"the":[10,22,30,52,91,96,128,135],"booming":[11],"demands":[12],"for":[13,82,95],"lower":[14],"power":[15],"consumption":[16],"and":[17,39,75,103,134],"higher":[18],"operation":[19],"speeds":[20],"in":[21,35,40,51],"electronics":[23],"industry.":[24],"This":[25],"hardship":[26],"aggravated":[28],"by":[29],"growing":[31],"levels":[32],"variability":[34],"state-of-the-art":[36],"silicon":[37],"dimensions":[38],"other":[41],"beyond-CMOS":[42],"technologies.":[43],"Although":[44],"some":[45],"designers":[46],"continue":[47],"strongly":[49],"believe":[50],"performance":[53,74,137],"advantages":[54],"being":[56],"fully":[57,100],"synchronous,":[58],"others":[59],"have":[60],"radically":[61],"shifted":[62],"toward":[63],"extremely":[64],"robust":[65],"delay-insensitive":[66],"domains.":[67],"Targeting":[68],"a":[69,99,105,112],"different":[70],"compromise":[71],"both":[73,127],"robustness,":[76],"this":[77],"article":[78],"provides":[79],"sufficient":[80],"conditions":[81],"asynchronous":[84,121,132],"system":[85,102],"be":[87],"able":[88],"generate":[90],"periodic":[92],"signals":[93],"necessary":[94],"timing":[97],"highlights":[104],"specific":[106],"hierarchical":[107],"clocking":[108],"structure":[109],"that":[110],"with":[111],"single":[113],"tunable":[114],"delay":[115],"satisfies":[116],"these":[117],"conditions.":[118],"Using":[119],"clock":[122],"distribution":[123],"network":[124],"benefits":[125],"from":[126],"natural":[129],"robustness":[130],"structures":[133],"advantageous":[136],"clocking.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
