{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3107473573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417869","title":"The Cookie Hunter: Automated Black-box Auditing for Web Authentication and Authorization Flaws","display_name":"The Cookie Hunter: Automated Black-box Auditing for Web Authentication and Authorization Flaws","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3107473573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417869","mag":"3107473573"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3372297.3417869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417869","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037234987","display_name":"Kostas Drakonakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121775","display_name":"FORTH Institute of Computer Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02tf48g55","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775","https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kostas Drakonakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["FORTH ICS, Heraklion, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FORTH ICS, Heraklion, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022073151","display_name":"Sotiris Ioannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-2241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55741626","display_name":"Technical University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/03f8bz564","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sotiris Ioannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018209439","display_name":"Jason Polakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5034-0730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Polakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037234987"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3945,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95424621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1953","last_page":"1970"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12479","display_name":"Web Application Security Vulnerabilities","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7823207974433899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5877966284751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/javascript","display_name":"JavaScript","score":0.5677313804626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5297670960426331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.4888858199119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.47505924105644226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application","display_name":"Web application","score":0.4595538377761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.45820948481559753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.4370948076248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08791458606719971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7823207974433899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5877966284751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544833334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005","display_name":"JavaScript","level":2,"score":0.5677313804626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5297670960426331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.4888858199119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.47505924105644226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118643609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189210","display_name":"Web application","level":2,"score":0.4595538377761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.45820948481559753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.4370948076248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08791458606719971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3372297.3417869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417869","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1475974720","https://openalex.org/W1517949462","https://openalex.org/W1663388364","https://openalex.org/W1788765617","https://openalex.org/W1861561811","https://openalex.org/W1888717584","https://openalex.org/W1965774341","https://openalex.org/W1966143594","https://openalex.org/W1985683032","https://openalex.org/W1996474511","https://openalex.org/W2008251338","https://openalex.org/W2025874281","https://openalex.org/W2038841294","https://openalex.org/W2039999720","https://openalex.org/W2059621117","https://openalex.org/W2068880021","https://openalex.org/W2068963333","https://openalex.org/W2077519072","https://openalex.org/W2089775132","https://openalex.org/W2101678831","https://openalex.org/W2116010854","https://openalex.org/W2120111750","https://openalex.org/W2139740492","https://openalex.org/W2149764216","https://openalex.org/W2162439064","https://openalex.org/W2163949443","https://openalex.org/W2184968958","https://openalex.org/W2217843339","https://openalex.org/W2227421386","https://openalex.org/W2229250518","https://openalex.org/W2268157125","https://openalex.org/W2338846068","https://openalex.org/W2400965960","https://openalex.org/W2402699044","https://openalex.org/W2406789678","https://openalex.org/W2463495559","https://openalex.org/W2505207162","https://openalex.org/W2509745758","https://openalex.org/W2510134782","https://openalex.org/W2535603283","https://openalex.org/W2536255411","https://openalex.org/W2550183133","https://openalex.org/W2559753054","https://openalex.org/W2592562974","https://openalex.org/W2605157885","https://openalex.org/W2701082322","https://openalex.org/W2750954988","https://openalex.org/W2751619797","https://openalex.org/W2753524298","https://openalex.org/W2753884237","https://openalex.org/W2765667105","https://openalex.org/W2765755114","https://openalex.org/W2766106797","https://openalex.org/W2766473095","https://openalex.org/W2768857737","https://openalex.org/W2769764076","https://openalex.org/W2788031314","https://openalex.org/W2806944993","https://openalex.org/W2885602459","https://openalex.org/W2888830098","https://openalex.org/W2889095445","https://openalex.org/W2889348755","https://openalex.org/W2889521075","https://openalex.org/W2895807258","https://openalex.org/W2897005587","https://openalex.org/W2901089484","https://openalex.org/W2929275958","https://openalex.org/W2931478288","https://openalex.org/W2963779160","https://openalex.org/W2970248776","https://openalex.org/W2972981608","https://openalex.org/W3002929229","https://openalex.org/W3006928035","https://openalex.org/W3007024382","https://openalex.org/W3104692325","https://openalex.org/W4210570715","https://openalex.org/W4232293864","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4289038676","https://openalex.org/W4301113013","https://openalex.org/W4321386510"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247806713","https://openalex.org/W4378700020","https://openalex.org/W2795601048","https://openalex.org/W2403324299","https://openalex.org/W2621177934","https://openalex.org/W4286287737","https://openalex.org/W1844100222","https://openalex.org/W3009852816","https://openalex.org/W2513223212","https://openalex.org/W42576273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,23,117],"focus":[4],"on":[5],"authentication":[6,134,147],"and":[7,139,177,204],"authorization":[8],"flaws":[9],"in":[10,92,105,160],"web":[11,34,75],"apps":[12,35],"that":[13,32,132,143,158,199],"enable":[14],"partial":[15],"or":[16,219],"full":[17],"access":[18,151],"to":[19,40,67,81,120,224],"user":[20,183],"accounts.":[21],"Specifically,":[22],"develop":[24],"a":[25,61,106,202],"novel":[26],"fully":[27,121],"automated":[28,85,108],"black-box":[29],"auditing":[30,103],"framework":[31,57,80,97,126],"analyzes":[33],"by":[36,60,174,188],"exploring":[37],"their":[38,47],"susceptibility":[39],"various":[41],"cookie-hijacking":[42,200],"attacks":[43],"while":[44,152,221],"also":[45,153,167],"assessing":[46],"deployment":[48,208],"of":[49,88,101,114,209],"pertinent":[50],"security":[51,215],"mechanisms":[52],"(e.g.,":[53,190,213],"HSTS).":[54],"Our":[55,125,165],"modular":[56],"is":[58,201,217],"driven":[59],"custom":[62],"browser":[63],"automation":[64],"tool":[65],"developed":[66],"transparently":[68],"offer":[69],"fault-tolerance":[70],"during":[71],"extended":[72],"interactions":[73],"with":[74],"apps.":[76],"We":[77],"use":[78],"our":[79,96,196],"conduct":[82],"the":[83,93,102,111,161,170],"first":[84,162],"large-scale":[86],"study":[87,197],"cookie-based":[89],"account":[90,115],"hijacking":[91],"wild.":[94],"As":[95],"handles":[98],"every":[99],"step":[100],"process":[104,113],"completely":[107],"manner,":[109],"including":[110],"challenging":[112],"creation,":[116],"are":[118],"able":[119],"audit":[122],"25K":[123],"domains.":[124],"detects":[127,178],"more":[128,227],"than":[129],"10K":[130],"domains":[131,142,180],"expose":[133],"cookies":[135,148,176],"over":[136,140],"unencrypted":[137],"connections,":[138],"5K":[141],"do":[144],"not":[145],"protect":[146],"from":[149],"JavaScript":[150],"embedding":[154],"third":[155],"party":[156],"scripts":[157],"execute":[159],"party's":[163],"origin.":[164],"system":[166],"automatically":[168],"identifies":[169],"privacy":[171],"loss":[172],"caused":[173],"exposed":[175],"9,324":[179],"where":[181],"sensitive":[182],"data":[184],"can":[185],"be":[186],"accessed":[187],"attackers":[189],"address,":[191],"phone":[192],"number,":[193],"password).":[194],"Overall,":[195],"demonstrates":[198],"severe":[203],"prevalent":[205],"threat,":[206],"as":[207],"even":[210],"basic":[211],"countermeasures":[212],"cookie":[214],"flags)":[216],"absent":[218],"incomplete,":[220],"developers":[222],"struggle":[223],"correctly":[225],"deploy":[226],"demanding":[228],"mechanisms.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
