{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3095909979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417261","title":"Blinder -- Scalable, Robust Anonymous Committed Broadcast","display_name":"Blinder -- Scalable, Robust Anonymous Committed Broadcast","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3095909979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417261","mag":"3095909979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3372297.3417261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078682514","display_name":"Ittai Abraham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-7674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093787","display_name":"Herzliya Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00m6hsp80","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093787"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ittai Abraham","raw_affiliation_strings":["VMware Research, Herzliya, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VMware Research, Herzliya, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089439033","display_name":"Benny Pinkas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-3024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benny Pinkas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021969156","display_name":"Avishay Yanai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4060-0150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093787","display_name":"Herzliya Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00m6hsp80","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093787"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avishay Yanai","raw_affiliation_strings":["VMware Research, Herzliya, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VMware Research, Herzliya, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093787"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078682514"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093787"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94595965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1233","last_page":"1252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8053942918777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.799902081489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7753121852874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.7427994012832642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.649020254611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commit","display_name":"Commit","score":0.6210346817970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/censorship","display_name":"Censorship","score":0.5008702278137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.50030517578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aka","display_name":"AKA","score":0.498002290725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.4959350526332855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4897177517414093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.47634103894233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4475044012069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4255028963088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.4230974316596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-broadcast","display_name":"Atomic broadcast","score":0.4207674264907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadcasting","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","score":0.41729164123535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34729474782943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.2414633333683014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12078198790550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11750295758247375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8053942918777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.799902081489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7753121852874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.7427994012832642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.649020254611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19776675","display_name":"Commit","level":2,"score":0.6210346817970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52930066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543","display_name":"Censorship","level":2,"score":0.5008702278137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.50030517578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121158502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4652161","display_name":"AKA","level":2,"score":0.498002290725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.4959350526332855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4897177517414093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.47634103894233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4475044012069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4255028963088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168021876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353446","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","level":3,"score":0.4230974316596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C943373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817323","display_name":"Atomic broadcast","level":3,"score":0.4207674264907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110157686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922122","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","level":2,"score":0.41729164123535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34729474782943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.2414633333683014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12078198790550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11750295758247375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3372297.3417261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48039395","https://openalex.org/W139740867","https://openalex.org/W140578606","https://openalex.org/W147290027","https://openalex.org/W151752673","https://openalex.org/W1450140837","https://openalex.org/W1511198340","https://openalex.org/W1521377555","https://openalex.org/W1528693676","https://openalex.org/W1541048506","https://openalex.org/W1567366855","https://openalex.org/W1769920533","https://openalex.org/W1958017733","https://openalex.org/W1975016298","https://openalex.org/W1992157848","https://openalex.org/W1993568446","https://openalex.org/W2005708967","https://openalex.org/W2006453614","https://openalex.org/W2034791526","https://openalex.org/W2043007983","https://openalex.org/W2087811006","https://openalex.org/W2092085685","https://openalex.org/W2099858845","https://openalex.org/W2103597742","https://openalex.org/W2103647628","https://openalex.org/W2108668142","https://openalex.org/W2134698082","https://openalex.org/W2135579486","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2150248082","https://openalex.org/W2211872228","https://openalex.org/W2225180329","https://openalex.org/W2242794960","https://openalex.org/W2287961307","https://openalex.org/W2533357737","https://openalex.org/W2593761521","https://openalex.org/W2614378039","https://openalex.org/W2761138375","https://openalex.org/W2763648389","https://openalex.org/W2884909828","https://openalex.org/W2907349043","https://openalex.org/W2950321888","https://openalex.org/W2967889168","https://openalex.org/W2969395421","https://openalex.org/W2980108059","https://openalex.org/W2996422317","https://openalex.org/W3003153370","https://openalex.org/W3099185500","https://openalex.org/W3102891118","https://openalex.org/W4238974058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950395273","https://openalex.org/W2516740217","https://openalex.org/W2952642057","https://openalex.org/W2950229270","https://openalex.org/W2887776812","https://openalex.org/W1544994527","https://openalex.org/W3030180793","https://openalex.org/W2811185896","https://openalex.org/W3209982019","https://openalex.org/W4287328371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Anonymous":[0],"Committed":[1],"Broadcast":[2],"is":[3,96,140,195],"a":[4,11,32,60,89,138,174,183],"functionality":[5],"that":[6,58,99,221],"extends":[7],"DC-nets":[8],"and":[9,62,77,113,119,128,198,212],"allows":[10,145],"set":[12,20],"of":[13,21,47,74,88,125,163,176,185],"clients":[14],"to":[15,19,149,210],"privately":[16],"commit":[17],"messages":[18,30,155],"servers,":[22,167],"which":[23,168,194,216],"can":[24,40],"then":[25],"simultaneously":[26],"open":[27],"all":[28],"committed":[29,50,68],"in":[31,85,226],"random":[33],"ordering.":[34],"Anonymity":[35],"holds":[36],"since":[37,142],"no":[38],"one":[39],"learn":[41],"the":[42,45,48,55,86,123,146,188,218,227],"ordering":[43],"or":[44,83],"content":[46],"client's":[49],"message.":[51],"We":[52],"present":[53],"Blinder,":[54],"first":[56],"system":[57,139],"provides":[59],"scalable":[61],"fully":[63],"robust":[64,197],"solution":[65],"for":[66,136],"anonymous":[67,126],"broadcast.":[69],"Blinder":[70,95,109,164],"maintains":[71],"both":[72],"properties":[73,152],"security":[75,112],"(anonymity)":[76],"robustness":[78,225],"(aka.":[79],"'guaranteed":[80],"output":[81],"delivery'":[82],"'availability')":[84],"face":[87],"global":[90],"active":[91],"(malicious)":[92],"adversary.":[93],"Moreover,":[94],"censorship":[97,200],"resistant,":[98],"is,":[100],"an":[101,204],"honest":[102],"client":[103],"cannot":[104],"be":[105],"blocked":[106],"from":[107,122],"participating.":[108],"obtains":[110],"its":[111],"scalability":[114],"by":[115,182],"carefully":[116],"combining":[117],"classical":[118],"state-of-the-art":[120],"techniques":[121],"fields":[124],"communication":[127],"secure":[129],"multiparty":[130],"computation":[131],"(MPC).":[132],"Relying":[133],"on":[134,153],"MPC":[135],"such":[137],"beneficial":[141],"it":[143],"naturally":[144],"parties":[147],"(servers)":[148],"enforce":[150],"some":[151],"accepted":[154],"prior":[156],"their":[157],"publication.":[158],"A":[159],"GPU":[160],"based":[161],"implementation":[162],"with":[165],"5":[166],"accepts":[169],"1":[170],"million":[171],"clients,":[172],"incurs":[173],"latency":[175],"less":[177],"than":[178,187],"8":[179],"minutes;":[180],"faster":[181],"factor":[184,207],"$>100$":[186],"3-servers":[189],"Riposte":[190],"protocol":[191],"(S&P":[192],"'15),":[193],"not":[196,199],"resistant;":[201],"we":[202],"get":[203],"even":[205],"larger":[206],"when":[208],"comparing":[209],"AsynchroMix":[211],"PowerMix":[213],"(CCS":[214],"'19),":[215],"are":[217],"only":[219],"ones":[220],"guarantee":[222],"fairness":[223],"(or":[224],"online":[228],"phase).":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-03T09:05:47.796612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}