{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3007182484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372176","title":"Generating Digital Painting Lighting Effects via RGB-space Geometry","display_name":"Generating Digital Painting Lighting Effects via RGB-space Geometry","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3007182484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372176","mag":"3007182484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3372176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079385579","display_name":"Lvmin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-5791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lvmin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soochow University/Style2Paints, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soochow University/Style2Paints, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061430475","display_name":"Edgar Simo\u2010Serra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-8592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar Simo-Serra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waseda University/JST PRESTO, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waseda University/JST PRESTO, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029104204","display_name":"Yi Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6965-4158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soochow University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soochow University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058448163","display_name":"Chunping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1495-5138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soochow University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soochow University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079385579"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7432,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97601175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.7355440855026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7114888429641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.7016597390174866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.6775319576263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6344455480575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-based-lighting","display_name":"Image-based lighting","score":0.6334718465805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/painting","display_name":"Painting","score":0.615932822227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6020821332931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5963699817657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5476594567298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.34295976161956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.16662535071372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.10542187094688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.10462567210197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.0924951434135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.08999219536781311}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.7355440855026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7114888429641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.7016597390174866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.6775319576263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6344455480575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204060014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002069","display_name":"Image-based lighting","level":4,"score":0.6334718465805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.615932822227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6020821332931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5963699817657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5476594567298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.34295976161956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.16662535071372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.10542187094688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.10462567210197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0924951434135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.08999219536781311}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3372176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3372176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513440577","https://openalex.org/W1953465585","https://openalex.org/W1975514318","https://openalex.org/W1993387728","https://openalex.org/W1996135899","https://openalex.org/W2006070214","https://openalex.org/W2008966759","https://openalex.org/W2019969451","https://openalex.org/W2055302526","https://openalex.org/W2074495038","https://openalex.org/W2076491823","https://openalex.org/W2153504150","https://openalex.org/W2235136907","https://openalex.org/W2552742658","https://openalex.org/W2577911489","https://openalex.org/W2591510999","https://openalex.org/W2600605915","https://openalex.org/W2741683216","https://openalex.org/W2771220351","https://openalex.org/W2896901907","https://openalex.org/W2898387366","https://openalex.org/W2903336977","https://openalex.org/W2903549434","https://openalex.org/W2942551262","https://openalex.org/W2956346787","https://openalex.org/W3123889096","https://openalex.org/W3137592147","https://openalex.org/W4251535829","https://openalex.org/W4255556797","https://openalex.org/W4289076055","https://openalex.org/W6602418611"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767823485","https://openalex.org/W4213228110","https://openalex.org/W2139599928","https://openalex.org/W3005455252","https://openalex.org/W2980049530","https://openalex.org/W2593793146","https://openalex.org/W2131104905","https://openalex.org/W2739874619","https://openalex.org/W1931910231","https://openalex.org/W2779438614"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,153],"present":[1],"an":[2,49,120,159],"algorithm":[3,15,50,103,140],"to":[4,27,38,51,90,112,123,182,189,198],"generate":[5,67],"digital":[6,60,133],"painting":[7,61],"lighting":[8,29,69,77,100,108,130,145,185],"effects":[9,70,78,109,131,146,186],"from":[10],"a":[11,19,59,83,163,168],"single":[12],"image.":[13],"Our":[14,102],"is":[16,104,178,196],"based":[17],"on":[18,44],"key":[20],"observation:":[21],"Artists":[22],"use":[23],"many":[24],"overlapping":[25],"strokes":[26,57],"paint":[28],"effects,":[30],"i.e.,":[31],"pixels":[32],"with":[33,106,157,187],"dense":[34],"stroke":[35,92],"history":[36],"tend":[37],"gather":[39],"more":[40],"illumination":[41],"strokes.":[42],"Based":[43],"this":[45],"observation,":[46],"we":[47],"design":[48],"both":[52,158],"estimate":[53],"the":[54,91,95,201],"density":[55,93],"of":[56,94],"in":[58],"using":[62,82],"color":[63],"geometry":[64],"and":[65,86,115,134,162],"then":[66,87],"novel":[68],"by":[71],"mimicking":[72],"artists\u2019":[73],"coarse-to-fine":[74],"workflow.":[75],"Coarse":[76],"are":[79],"first":[80],"generated":[81,107],"wave":[84],"transform":[85],"retouched":[88],"according":[89],"original":[96],"illustrations":[97],"into":[98],"usable":[99,144],"effects.":[101],"content-aware,":[105],"naturally":[110],"adapting":[111],"image":[113],"structures,":[114],"can":[116,141],"be":[117],"used":[118],"as":[119],"interactive":[121],"tool":[122],"simplify":[124],"current":[125],"labor-intensive":[126],"workflows":[127],"for":[128,132,147],"generating":[129],"matte":[135],"paintings.":[136],"In":[137],"addition,":[138],"our":[139,155,175],"also":[142,193],"produce":[143,183],"photographs":[148],"or":[149],"three-dimensional":[150],"rendered":[151],"images.":[152],"evaluate":[154],"approach":[156,177],"in-depth":[160],"qualitative":[161],"quantitative":[164],"analysis":[165],"that":[166,174,194],"includes":[167],"perceptual":[169],"user":[170],"study.":[171],"Results":[172],"show":[173],"proposed":[176],"not":[179],"only":[180],"able":[181,197],"favorable":[184],"respect":[188],"existing":[190],"approaches,":[191],"but":[192],"it":[195],"significantly":[199],"reduce":[200],"needed":[202],"interaction":[203],"time.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
