{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2994832535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3368854","title":"Objective Assessment of Human Workload in Physical Human-robot Cooperation Using Brain Monitoring","display_name":"Objective Assessment of Human Workload in Physical Human-robot Cooperation Using Brain Monitoring","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2994832535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3368854","mag":"2994832535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3368854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3368854","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3368854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193251","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction","issn_l":"2573-9522","issn":["2573-9522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3368854","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055316477","display_name":"Amirhossein H. Memar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6152-2406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amirhossein H. Memar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Reality Labs, Redmond, WA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Reality Labs, Redmond, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082276481","display_name":"Ehsan T. Esfahani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-4664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan T. Esfahani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, NY"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-4664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055316477"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6125,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83267378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.8695516586303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/admittance","display_name":"Admittance","score":0.60239577293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5056493282318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.48454514145851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.46772634983062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.4637516140937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.43394654989242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4312835931777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35607922077178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2707539200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.21394610404968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.17995432019233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11016431450843811}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.8695516586303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108811297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214518","display_name":"Admittance","level":3,"score":0.60239577293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5056493282318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.48454514145851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.46772634983062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.4637516140937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.43394654989242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4312835931777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35607922077178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2707539200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.21394610404968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.17995432019233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11016431450843811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3368854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3368854","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3368854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193251","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction","issn_l":"2573-9522","issn":["2573-9522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3368854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3368854","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3368854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193251","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction","issn_l":"2573-9522","issn":["2573-9522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1348894249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1502287","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994832535.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994832535.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191973312","https://openalex.org/W600475373","https://openalex.org/W827791149","https://openalex.org/W1548528537","https://openalex.org/W1976415965","https://openalex.org/W1978023077","https://openalex.org/W1980743818","https://openalex.org/W1984518564","https://openalex.org/W1986199749","https://openalex.org/W1988567021","https://openalex.org/W2008363135","https://openalex.org/W2009192474","https://openalex.org/W2019383457","https://openalex.org/W2022237181","https://openalex.org/W2023133322","https://openalex.org/W2029776687","https://openalex.org/W2040080525","https://openalex.org/W2043301888","https://openalex.org/W2076347184","https://openalex.org/W2080191065","https://openalex.org/W2081420711","https://openalex.org/W2082627290","https://openalex.org/W2097826706","https://openalex.org/W2105710559","https://openalex.org/W2106872213","https://openalex.org/W2116411037","https://openalex.org/W2126585005","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2134050473","https://openalex.org/W2145947508","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2158963974","https://openalex.org/W2167198978","https://openalex.org/W2169235068","https://openalex.org/W2169513627","https://openalex.org/W2170821486","https://openalex.org/W2212573275","https://openalex.org/W2227334299","https://openalex.org/W2320678454","https://openalex.org/W2321439499","https://openalex.org/W2441765580","https://openalex.org/W2490800645","https://openalex.org/W2529065799","https://openalex.org/W2530704949","https://openalex.org/W2615129201","https://openalex.org/W2766253253","https://openalex.org/W2770249584","https://openalex.org/W3105789002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W986318368","https://openalex.org/W2000785801","https://openalex.org/W2200472972","https://openalex.org/W2031643172","https://openalex.org/W2384410913","https://openalex.org/W2352878646","https://openalex.org/W2990194547","https://openalex.org/W2367857055","https://openalex.org/W1594265855","https://openalex.org/W3205034227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"notions":[1],"of":[2,34,39,70,144,152,178,187],"safe":[3],"and":[4,73,80,83,109,115,168,190],"compliant":[5,20],"interaction":[6,36,161,196],"are":[7,28],"not":[8],"sufficient":[9],"to":[10,30,54,102,172,195],"ensure":[11],"effective":[12],"physical":[13],"human-robot":[14],"cooperation.":[15],"To":[16],"obtain":[17],"an":[18,51,208],"optimal":[19],"behavior":[21],"(e.g.,":[22],"variable":[23,210],"impedance/admittance":[24],"control),":[25],"assessment":[26],"techniques":[27],"required":[29],"measure":[31,53,177],"the":[32,35,118,150,153,166,219],"effectiveness":[33],"in":[37,57,160,216],"terms":[38],"perceived":[40,94],"workload":[41,56,95,159,204,221],"by":[42],"users.":[43],"This":[44,98,213],"study":[45,64],"investigates":[46],"electroencephalography":[47],"(EEG)":[48],"monitoring":[49],"as":[50,117],"objective":[52,176],"classify":[55],"cooperative":[58],"manipulation":[59,71],"with":[60,75,111,162,197,207,218],"compliance.":[61],"An":[62,140],"experimental":[63],"is":[65,96,100,136,146,205,215],"conducted":[66,182],"including":[67],"two":[68,76],"types":[69],"(gross":[72],"fine)":[74],"admittance":[77,90,211],"levels":[78],"(low-":[79,108],"high-damping).":[81],"Performance":[82],"self-reported":[84],"measures":[85],"indicate":[86],"that":[87,92,148],"a":[88,104,125,130,183,198,201],"proper":[89],"level":[91],"enhances":[93],"task-dependent.":[97],"information":[99],"used":[101,137],"form":[103],"binary":[105],"classification":[106,142],"problem":[107],"high-workload)":[110],"spectral":[112],"power":[113],"density":[114],"coherence":[116],"features":[119],"extracted":[120],"from":[121],"EEG":[122],"data.":[123],"Using":[124],"subject-independent":[126],"feature":[127],"selection":[128],"approach,":[129],"subject-dependent":[131],"Linear":[132],"Discriminant":[133],"Analysis":[134],"(LDA)":[135],"for":[138,156],"classification.":[139],"average":[141],"rate":[143],"81%":[145],"achieved":[147],"indicates":[149],"reliability":[151],"proposed":[154,175],"approach":[155],"assessing":[157],"human":[158],"varying":[163],"compliance":[164],"across":[165],"gross":[167,191],"fine":[169,189],"manipulation.":[170],"Furthermore,":[171],"validate":[173],"our":[174],"workload,":[179],"we":[180],"have":[181],"second":[184],"experiment":[185],"composed":[186],"both":[188],"motor":[192],"tasks.":[193],"Compared":[194],"constant":[199],"admittance,":[200],"lower":[202],"EEG-based":[203],"observed":[206],"open-loop":[209],"controller.":[212],"observation":[214],"agreement":[217],"subjective":[220],"score":[222],"(NASA-TLX).":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}