{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003268210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380290","title":"Characterizing Search-Engine Traffic to Internet Research Agency Web Properties","display_name":"Characterizing Search-Engine Traffic to Internet Research Agency Web Properties","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003268210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380290","mag":"3003268210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3366423.3380290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380290","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091017885","display_name":"Alexander Spangher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Spangher","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055069190","display_name":"Gireeja Ranade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6747-4492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gireeja Ranade","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011998621","display_name":"Besmira Nushi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7554-8586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Besmira Nushi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071293344","display_name":"Adam Fourney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-7794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Fourney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043228682","display_name":"Eric Horvitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8823-0614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Horvitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091017885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I2800817003"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5338,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72681626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2253","last_page":"2263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6885058283805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.6179056167602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5869566202163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.5777231454849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5578219890594482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-engine","display_name":"Web search engine","score":0.4590081572532654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-2.0","display_name":"Web 2.0","score":0.21878784894943237}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6885058283805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.6179056167602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5869566202163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5777231454849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5578219890594482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521815418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4182287","display_name":"Web search engine","level":4,"score":0.4590081572532654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136699151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131164","display_name":"Web 2.0","level":3,"score":0.21878784894943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3366423.3380290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3366423.3380290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91442942","https://openalex.org/W645597871","https://openalex.org/W1494186835","https://openalex.org/W1969862674","https://openalex.org/W2027135291","https://openalex.org/W2099865247","https://openalex.org/W2105543408","https://openalex.org/W2139297408","https://openalex.org/W2146307317","https://openalex.org/W2296188161","https://openalex.org/W2325284321","https://openalex.org/W2410465342","https://openalex.org/W2550819555","https://openalex.org/W2604380452","https://openalex.org/W2608762407","https://openalex.org/W2742330194","https://openalex.org/W2758123153","https://openalex.org/W2768092828","https://openalex.org/W2889295596","https://openalex.org/W2903903405","https://openalex.org/W2937225911","https://openalex.org/W2962972034","https://openalex.org/W2963184629","https://openalex.org/W2963635075","https://openalex.org/W2968516330","https://openalex.org/W2988120509","https://openalex.org/W3037924975","https://openalex.org/W3099127595","https://openalex.org/W3106480478","https://openalex.org/W3211616085","https://openalex.org/W4230399697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354327071","https://openalex.org/W2149397822","https://openalex.org/W1610765524","https://openalex.org/W1991385847","https://openalex.org/W2124561181","https://openalex.org/W2096385255","https://openalex.org/W2626977282","https://openalex.org/W2147086435","https://openalex.org/W1998240937","https://openalex.org/W2166088942"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22],"Russia-based":[1],"Internet":[2,77],"Research":[3],"Agency":[4],"(IRA)":[5],"carried":[6],"out":[7],"a":[8],"broad":[9],"information":[10],"campaign":[11],"in":[12],"the":[13,18,76,84],"U.S.":[14],"before":[15],"and":[16,35,46,71,80,83],"after":[17],"2016":[19],"presidential":[20],"election.":[21],"organization":[23],"created":[24],"an":[25],"expansive":[26],"set":[27],"of":[28],"internet":[29],"properties:":[30],"web":[31],"domains,":[32],"Facebook":[33,43,70],"pages,":[34],"Twitter":[36,72],"bots,":[37],"which":[38],"received":[39,61],"traffic":[40],"via":[41],"purchased":[42],"ads,":[44],"tweets,":[45],"search":[47,64,86],"engines":[48],"indexing":[49],"their":[50],"domains.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53],"paper,":[54],"we":[55],"focus":[56],"on":[57],"IRA":[58],"activities":[59],"that":[60],"exposure":[62],"through":[63],"engines,":[65],"by":[66],"joining":[67],"data":[68],"from":[69,75],"with":[73],"logs":[74],"Explorer":[78],"11":[79],"Edge":[81],"browsers":[82],"Bing.com":[85],"engine.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}