{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003940530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380109","title":"Facebook Ads Monitor: An Independent Auditing System for Political Ads on Facebook","display_name":"Facebook Ads Monitor: An Independent Auditing System for Political Ads on Facebook","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003940530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380109","mag":"3003940530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3366423.3380109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380109","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100616540","display_name":"M\u00e1rcio Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1214-4245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122558511","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/0366d2847","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u00e1rcio Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Faculty of Computer Science Campo Grande Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Faculty of Computer Science Campo Grande Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101618662","display_name":"Lucas Santos de Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9184-3895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I345918524","display_name":"Southwest Bahia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg6ka44","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I345918524"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Santos de Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Science and Technology Department Jequi\u00e9 Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Science and Technology Department Jequi\u00e9 Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I345918524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078080036","display_name":"Athanasios Andreou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104430","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/01c8rcg82","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios Andreou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble INP LIG Grenoble France","Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, Grenoble France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble INP LIG Grenoble France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, Grenoble France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023882015","display_name":"Pedro O. S. Vaz de Melo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9749-0151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Olmo Vaz de Melo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Computer Science Department Belo Horizonte Brazil","Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Computer Science Department, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Computer Science Department Belo Horizonte Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Computer Science Department, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033477761","display_name":"Oana Goga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-5088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104430","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/01c8rcg82","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oana Goga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble INP LIG Grenoble France","Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, Grenoble France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble INP LIG Grenoble France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, Grenoble France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085054435","display_name":"Fabr\u00ed\u00adcio Benevenuto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-6259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabricio Benevenuto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Computer Science Department Belo Horizonte Brazil","Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Computer Science Department, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Computer Science Department Belo Horizonte Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Computer Science Department, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9518,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80871602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"224","last_page":"234"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.6834231615066528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timeline","display_name":"Timeline","score":0.6740785837173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.5592437386512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4512641727924347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-election","display_name":"Presidential election","score":0.44725966453552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.44296708703041077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3785317838191986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.37213414907455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.22633695602416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.10603919625282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.09008187055587769}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6834231615066528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4438859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186117","display_name":"Timeline","level":2,"score":0.6740785837173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.5592437386512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4512641727924347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776129789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858439","display_name":"Presidential election","level":3,"score":0.44725966453552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.44296708703041077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3785317838191986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.37213414907455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.22633695602416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10603919625282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.09008187055587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3366423.3380109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.10581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10581","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.10581","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3003940530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.10581.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03048337v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03048337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"WWW '20: The Web Conference 2020, Apr 2020, Taipei, France. pp.224-234, &#x27E8;10.1145/3366423.3380109&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Conference papers"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2001.10581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.10581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3366423.3380109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3366423.3380109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108612201","https://openalex.org/W1494792294","https://openalex.org/W1590495275","https://openalex.org/W1975257416","https://openalex.org/W1975812166","https://openalex.org/W1981085827","https://openalex.org/W1988183984","https://openalex.org/W1995703201","https://openalex.org/W2064151419","https://openalex.org/W2146502635","https://openalex.org/W2154373465","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2587871321","https://openalex.org/W2587944871","https://openalex.org/W2618558237","https://openalex.org/W2747424680","https://openalex.org/W2787037992","https://openalex.org/W2793294490","https://openalex.org/W2794342582","https://openalex.org/W2801606948","https://openalex.org/W2883729868","https://openalex.org/W2888846082","https://openalex.org/W2898701693","https://openalex.org/W2899317835","https://openalex.org/W2905621380","https://openalex.org/W2921218325","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W2962751193","https://openalex.org/W2962972034","https://openalex.org/W2963008590","https://openalex.org/W2998508934","https://openalex.org/W4300539796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3171665573","https://openalex.org/W2579719928","https://openalex.org/W2065055142","https://openalex.org/W2803619622","https://openalex.org/W2489061576","https://openalex.org/W3206655905","https://openalex.org/W3005673871","https://openalex.org/W2433793808","https://openalex.org/W1984675928","https://openalex.org/W3207290711","https://openalex.org/W2601186016","https://openalex.org/W8255030","https://openalex.org/W3156086853","https://openalex.org/W2630272495","https://openalex.org/W2762535807","https://openalex.org/W1981727648","https://openalex.org/W2244748526","https://openalex.org/W2804443038","https://openalex.org/W2610517690","https://openalex.org/W2975918763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"2016":[1],"United":[2],"States":[3],"presidential":[4],"election":[5],"was":[6],"marked":[7],"by":[8,131],"the":[9,18,21,29,62,148,167,177,187],"abuse":[10,25],"of":[11,20,24,64,110,124,179],"targeted":[12],"advertising":[13],"on":[14,45],"Facebook.":[15,67],"Concerned":[16],"with":[17,134],"risk":[19],"same":[22],"kind":[23],"to":[26,41,58,70,76,92,153],"happen":[27],"in":[28,47,166],"2018":[30],"Brazilian":[31],"elections,":[32],"we":[33,52,85,104,119,141,162],"designed":[34],"and":[35,80,117,186],"deployed":[36,142],"an":[37,121],"independent":[38,190],"auditing":[39,191],"system":[40,145],"monitor":[42],"political":[43,94,114,129,160,172,184],"ads":[44,60,96,112,130,149,161,185],"Facebook":[46,95,168],"Brazil.":[48],"To":[49,100],"do":[50],"that":[51,146,157],"first":[53],"adapted":[54],"a":[55,87,107,143],"browser":[56],"plugin":[57],"gather":[59],"from":[61],"timeline":[63],"volunteers":[65,75],"using":[66,97],"We":[68,155],"managed":[69],"convince":[71],"more":[72],"than":[73],"2000":[74],"help":[77],"our":[78,82,102],"project":[79],"install":[81],"tool.":[83],"Then,":[84],"use":[86],"Convolution":[88],"Neural":[89],"Network":[90],"(CNN)":[91],"detect":[93],"word":[98],"embeddings.":[99],"evaluate":[101],"approach,":[103],"manually":[105],"label":[106],"data":[108],"collection":[109],"10k":[111],"as":[113,151],"or":[115],"non-political":[116],"then":[118],"provide":[120],"in-depth":[122],"evaluation":[123],"proposed":[125],"approach":[126],"for":[127,171,182,189],"identifying":[128],"comparing":[132],"it":[133],"classic":[135],"supervised":[136],"machine":[137],"learning":[138],"methods.":[139],"Finally,":[140],"real":[144],"shows":[147],"identified":[150],"related":[152],"politics.":[154],"noticed":[156],"not":[158],"all":[159],"detected":[163],"were":[164],"present":[165],"Ad":[169],"Library":[170],"ads.":[173],"Our":[174],"results":[175],"emphasize":[176],"importance":[178],"enforcement":[180],"mechanisms":[181],"declaring":[183],"need":[188],"platforms.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
