{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980789769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3362031","title":"A Survey on End-Edge-Cloud Orchestrated Network Computing Paradigms","display_name":"A Survey on End-Edge-Cloud Orchestrated Network Computing Paradigms","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980789769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3362031","mag":"2980789769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3362031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3362031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015419107","display_name":"Ju Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-183X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ju Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-183X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705648","display_name":"Deyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-1285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046019676","display_name":"Shiwen He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0549-4970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069049205","display_name":"Yaoxue Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6717-461X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaoxue Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100455308","display_name":"Tao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-0198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":55.8233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":617,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99956313,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8729292750358582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8579272031784058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloudlet","display_name":"Cloudlet","score":0.832904040813446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.7464001178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-user-computing","display_name":"End-user computing","score":0.5759206414222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5520029664039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utility-computing","display_name":"Utility computing","score":0.5397762656211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.52468341588974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-cloud-computing","display_name":"Mobile cloud computing","score":0.4951588213443756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.44221797585487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-testing","display_name":"Cloud testing","score":0.4303731918334961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.410488098859787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.40203624963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.37545377016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1418512761592865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11463630199432373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8729292750358582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8579272031784058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781055072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325266","display_name":"Cloudlet","level":3,"score":0.832904040813446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7464001178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135642988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521737","display_name":"End-user computing","level":5,"score":0.5759206414222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5520029664039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85106507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188445","display_name":"Utility computing","level":4,"score":0.5397762656211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.52468341588974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779191767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887075","display_name":"Mobile cloud computing","level":3,"score":0.4951588213443756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.44221797585487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120115606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135723","display_name":"Cloud testing","level":4,"score":0.4303731918334961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.410488098859787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.40203624963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.37545377016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1418512761592865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11463630199432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3362031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3362031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4066238608","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B18059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7212185242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702562 and 61702561","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":166,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W331716286","https://openalex.org/W1483775819","https://openalex.org/W1558773556","https://openalex.org/W1611674276","https://openalex.org/W1658697598","https://openalex.org/W1788288079","https://openalex.org/W1849888104","https://openalex.org/W1926090661","https://openalex.org/W1966591924","https://openalex.org/W1968578081","https://openalex.org/W1979063331","https://openalex.org/W1985090408","https://openalex.org/W1992942660","https://openalex.org/W2000108799","https://openalex.org/W2007511616","https://openalex.org/W2009708702","https://openalex.org/W2017336596","https://openalex.org/W2019869078","https://openalex.org/W2020279330","https://openalex.org/W2023380813","https://openalex.org/W2024176568","https://openalex.org/W2035630966","https://openalex.org/W2036861524","https://openalex.org/W2039124714","https://openalex.org/W2045260235","https://openalex.org/W2045371716","https://openalex.org/W2051773775","https://openalex.org/W2054237513","https://openalex.org/W2055817410","https://openalex.org/W2057933324","https://openalex.org/W2061260901","https://openalex.org/W2061860832","https://openalex.org/W2065013348","https://openalex.org/W2065926191","https://openalex.org/W2070481112","https://openalex.org/W2073765234","https://openalex.org/W2076238075","https://openalex.org/W2082081352","https://openalex.org/W2083324512","https://openalex.org/W2083766832","https://openalex.org/W2088692353","https://openalex.org/W2089214485","https://openalex.org/W2094547360","https://openalex.org/W2096220631","https://openalex.org/W2101412747","https://openalex.org/W2101788345","https://openalex.org/W2104237724","https://openalex.org/W2107248536","https://openalex.org/W2114623221","https://openalex.org/W2122642161","https://openalex.org/W2135099885","https://openalex.org/W2154126105","https://openalex.org/W2154851929","https://openalex.org/W2163898906","https://openalex.org/W2165817488","https://openalex.org/W2195423816","https://openalex.org/W2199213865","https://openalex.org/W2227553894","https://openalex.org/W2237316450","https://openalex.org/W2256205231","https://openalex.org/W2263102236","https://openalex.org/W2300460317","https://openalex.org/W2306649852","https://openalex.org/W2320494822","https://openalex.org/W2331959320","https://openalex.org/W2336451237","https://openalex.org/W2341443271","https://openalex.org/W2343242585","https://openalex.org/W2343908699","https://openalex.org/W2344602204","https://openalex.org/W2344695221","https://openalex.org/W2360108240","https://openalex.org/W2364089413","https://openalex.org/W2387424272","https://openalex.org/W2387597703","https://openalex.org/W2397275348","https://openalex.org/W2397723600","https://openalex.org/W2399497498","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2404643895","https://openalex.org/W2415391790","https://openalex.org/W2419533219","https://openalex.org/W2468438421","https://openalex.org/W2471324813","https://openalex.org/W2477665745","https://openalex.org/W2498604117","https://openalex.org/W2509720069","https://openalex.org/W2511425482","https://openalex.org/W2511933885","https://openalex.org/W2516316490","https://openalex.org/W2516839461","https://openalex.org/W2517234635","https://openalex.org/W2518017861","https://openalex.org/W2518608707","https://openalex.org/W2519216326","https://openalex.org/W2525414919","https://openalex.org/W2534278322","https://openalex.org/W2536587200","https://openalex.org/W2547443968","https://openalex.org/W2547727199","https://openalex.org/W2548207196","https://openalex.org/W2564745288","https://openalex.org/W2564774118","https://openalex.org/W2567225578","https://openalex.org/W2568772110","https://openalex.org/W2577606900","https://openalex.org/W2583026761","https://openalex.org/W2583456124","https://openalex.org/W2585739743","https://openalex.org/W2586432453","https://openalex.org/W2587108042","https://openalex.org/W2589526368","https://openalex.org/W2591915039","https://openalex.org/W2593769694","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2597372044","https://openalex.org/W2603810864","https://openalex.org/W2604119386","https://openalex.org/W2605281241","https://openalex.org/W2605481525","https://openalex.org/W2606084320","https://openalex.org/W2606234769","https://openalex.org/W2606297994","https://openalex.org/W2606850368","https://openalex.org/W2610377401","https://openalex.org/W2615459164","https://openalex.org/W2618984630","https://openalex.org/W2623499016","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2744588164","https://openalex.org/W2747537200","https://openalex.org/W2781935635","https://openalex.org/W2785450839","https://openalex.org/W2785696180","https://openalex.org/W2793025358","https://openalex.org/W2794245731","https://openalex.org/W2794361215","https://openalex.org/W2797952247","https://openalex.org/W2800205258","https://openalex.org/W2800992211","https://openalex.org/W2803421549","https://openalex.org/W2806813423","https://openalex.org/W2808349061","https://openalex.org/W2808677444","https://openalex.org/W2808881604","https://openalex.org/W2869903415","https://openalex.org/W2890024325","https://openalex.org/W2902426498","https://openalex.org/W2962804709","https://openalex.org/W2962850461","https://openalex.org/W2963131496","https://openalex.org/W2963329943","https://openalex.org/W2964054168","https://openalex.org/W2964129362","https://openalex.org/W3098915991","https://openalex.org/W3099607069","https://openalex.org/W3103426447","https://openalex.org/W3106212693","https://openalex.org/W3106445841","https://openalex.org/W3140484331","https://openalex.org/W3146407519","https://openalex.org/W3151647019","https://openalex.org/W4239817437","https://openalex.org/W4289376787","https://openalex.org/W6712371521","https://openalex.org/W7053165455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2258846475","https://openalex.org/W4322712946","https://openalex.org/W2286206066","https://openalex.org/W2163612307","https://openalex.org/W2982878983","https://openalex.org/W2070164835","https://openalex.org/W3147849056","https://openalex.org/W4285737636","https://openalex.org/W2368296861","https://openalex.org/W2993057927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sending":[0],"data":[1,31],"to":[2,53,81,101,109,133,177],"the":[3,12,24,34,43,55,77,103,135,152,163],"cloud":[4,16,66,79],"for":[5,197],"analysis":[6],"was":[7],"a":[8,19,125,143,172],"prominent":[9],"trend":[10],"during":[11],"past":[13],"decades,":[14],"driving":[15],"computing":[17,21,67,72,80,87,149,169],"as":[18],"dominant":[20],"paradigm.":[22],"However,":[23],"dramatically":[25],"increasing":[26],"number":[27],"of":[28,61,137,146,154,167,183],"devices":[29],"and":[30,46,57,97,112,121,161,165,188],"traffic":[32],"in":[33,181],"Internet-of-Things":[35],"(IoT)":[36],"era":[37],"are":[38,74,195],"posing":[39],"significant":[40],"burdens":[41],"on":[42],"capacity-limited":[44],"Internet":[45],"uncontrollable":[47],"service":[48,59],"delay.":[49],"It":[50],"becomes":[51],"difficult":[52],"meet":[54],"delay-sensitive":[56],"context-aware":[58,113],"requirements":[60],"IoT":[62,127,138],"applications":[63],"by":[64],"using":[65],"alone.":[68],"Facing":[69],"these":[70,147],"challenges,":[71],"paradigms":[73,150],"shifting":[75],"from":[76,151],"centralized":[78],"distributed":[82,104],"edge":[83,108,119],"computing.":[84],"Several":[85],"new":[86],"paradigms,":[88],"including":[89],"Transparent":[90],"Computing,":[91,94,96],"Mobile":[92],"Edge":[93],"Fog":[95],"Cloudlet,":[98],"have":[99],"emerged":[100],"leverage":[102],"resources":[105],"at":[106],"network":[107],"provide":[110],"timely":[111],"services.":[114],"By":[115],"integrating":[116],"end":[117],"devices,":[118],"servers,":[120],"cloud,":[122],"they":[123],"form":[124],"hierarchical":[126],"architecture,":[128],"i.e.,":[129],"End-Edge-Cloud":[130],"orchestrated":[131],"architecture":[132],"improve":[134],"performance":[136],"systems.":[139],"This":[140],"article":[141],"presents":[142],"comprehensive":[144,173],"survey":[145,174],"emerging":[148],"perspective":[153],"end-edge-cloud":[155],"orchestration.":[156],"Specifically,":[157],"we":[158],"first":[159],"introduce":[160],"compare":[162],"architectures":[164],"characteristics":[166],"different":[168],"paradigms.":[170],"Then,":[171],"is":[175],"presented":[176],"discuss":[178],"state-of-the-art":[179],"research":[180,193,200],"terms":[182],"computation":[184],"offloading,":[185],"caching,":[186],"security,":[187],"privacy.":[189],"Finally,":[190],"some":[191],"potential":[192],"directions":[194],"envisioned":[196],"fostering":[198],"continuous":[199],"efforts.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":96},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":82},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":193},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
