{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2988983801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359126","title":"The Perpetual Work Life of Crowdworkers","display_name":"The Perpetual Work Life of Crowdworkers","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2988983801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359126","mag":"2988983801"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3359126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005700214","display_name":"Alex C. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-6347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex C. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045528013","display_name":"Gloria Mark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2492-2424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gloria Mark","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048987475","display_name":"Kristy Milland","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristy Milland","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042792975","display_name":"Edward Lank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-2370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Lank","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058482884","display_name":"Edith Law","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7540-075X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edith Law","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0592,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97765081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"CSCW","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-multitasking","display_name":"Human multitasking","score":0.718976616859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.5478406548500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5108296871185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.4951142370700836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4223843514919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.406878799200058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3926406502723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.33863866329193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.23353272676467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2197512686252594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107418235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520565","display_name":"Human multitasking","level":2,"score":0.718976616859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5478406548500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5108296871185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.4951142370700836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4223843514919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.406878799200058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3926406502723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.33863866329193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23353272676467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2197512686252594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3359126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541075651","https://openalex.org/W1552937852","https://openalex.org/W1577841485","https://openalex.org/W1593724453","https://openalex.org/W1686623361","https://openalex.org/W1880860925","https://openalex.org/W1971007700","https://openalex.org/W1975450585","https://openalex.org/W1980854746","https://openalex.org/W1984315811","https://openalex.org/W1992370545","https://openalex.org/W1993862395","https://openalex.org/W1995994322","https://openalex.org/W2006003280","https://openalex.org/W2010925829","https://openalex.org/W2010985317","https://openalex.org/W2011279345","https://openalex.org/W2011964437","https://openalex.org/W2013741298","https://openalex.org/W2016124154","https://openalex.org/W2019170794","https://openalex.org/W2022164703","https://openalex.org/W2036625316","https://openalex.org/W2038910965","https://openalex.org/W2041014002","https://openalex.org/W2054282244","https://openalex.org/W2062742763","https://openalex.org/W2063748437","https://openalex.org/W2078978820","https://openalex.org/W2083429555","https://openalex.org/W2093495548","https://openalex.org/W2096158028","https://openalex.org/W2097902850","https://openalex.org/W2105019053","https://openalex.org/W2112580560","https://openalex.org/W2120076005","https://openalex.org/W2120100221","https://openalex.org/W2123329585","https://openalex.org/W2124793952","https://openalex.org/W2125669135","https://openalex.org/W2127695051","https://openalex.org/W2134595450","https://openalex.org/W2137181811","https://openalex.org/W2141217749","https://openalex.org/W2142062694","https://openalex.org/W2144266514","https://openalex.org/W2147603330","https://openalex.org/W2150826728","https://openalex.org/W2153229372","https://openalex.org/W2156055852","https://openalex.org/W2165710850","https://openalex.org/W2166299892","https://openalex.org/W2167723047","https://openalex.org/W2183460972","https://openalex.org/W2240322187","https://openalex.org/W2273794225","https://openalex.org/W2285144430","https://openalex.org/W2293765620","https://openalex.org/W2338705265","https://openalex.org/W2339954278","https://openalex.org/W2395937589","https://openalex.org/W2398514781","https://openalex.org/W2399394062","https://openalex.org/W2404427926","https://openalex.org/W2412306367","https://openalex.org/W2461055567","https://openalex.org/W2464173335","https://openalex.org/W2561099668","https://openalex.org/W2588579248","https://openalex.org/W2594440402","https://openalex.org/W2726832030","https://openalex.org/W2752322170","https://openalex.org/W2773537790","https://openalex.org/W2777647957","https://openalex.org/W2783946743","https://openalex.org/W2784059491","https://openalex.org/W2788969155","https://openalex.org/W2792586764","https://openalex.org/W2793427265","https://openalex.org/W2794122052","https://openalex.org/W2795994476","https://openalex.org/W2810719472","https://openalex.org/W2811371717","https://openalex.org/W2887734062","https://openalex.org/W2896736608","https://openalex.org/W2903257353","https://openalex.org/W2904611032","https://openalex.org/W2905327414","https://openalex.org/W2911656801","https://openalex.org/W2918782134","https://openalex.org/W2921189238","https://openalex.org/W2921524648","https://openalex.org/W2941174109","https://openalex.org/W2946372784","https://openalex.org/W2957654274","https://openalex.org/W2969337083","https://openalex.org/W3121257585","https://openalex.org/W3123895079","https://openalex.org/W4229800322","https://openalex.org/W4245340011","https://openalex.org/W4245919503","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4391268550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388263628","https://openalex.org/W4242930893","https://openalex.org/W3140336604","https://openalex.org/W2488058330","https://openalex.org/W1988895983","https://openalex.org/W4237084280","https://openalex.org/W2886487614","https://openalex.org/W4242426637","https://openalex.org/W2940047422","https://openalex.org/W1044687203"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crowdworkers":[0],"regularly":[1],"support":[2,127],"their":[3,12,15,129],"work":[4,124],"with":[5],"scripts,":[6],"extensions,":[7],"and":[8,30,79,99,131],"software":[9],"to":[10,70],"enhance":[11],"productivity.":[13],"Despite":[14],"evident":[16],"significance,":[17],"little":[18],"is":[19],"understood":[20],"regarding":[21],"how":[22],"these":[23],"tools":[24],"affect":[25],"crowdworkers'":[26,87,123],"quality":[27],"of":[28,73,86,104,128],"life":[29],"work.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33],"study,":[34],"we":[35],"report":[36],"findings":[37,115],"from":[38],"an":[39],"interview":[40,58],"study":[41],"(N=21)":[42],"aimed":[43],"at":[44],"exploring":[45],"the":[46,62,71,84,102],"tooling":[47,63,93,112],"practices":[48],"used":[49],"by":[50,65,75,90],"full-time":[51],"crowdworkers":[52,66],"on":[53,92],"Amazon":[54],"Mechanical":[55],"Turk.":[56],"Our":[57,114],"data":[59],"suggests":[60],"that":[61,94,121],"utilized":[64],"(1)":[67],"strongly":[68],"contributes":[69],"fragmentation":[72,85,103],"microwork":[74],"enabling":[76],"task":[77],"switching":[78],"multitasking":[80],"behavior;":[81],"(2)":[82],"promotes":[83],"work-life":[88],"boundaries":[89],"relying":[91],"encourages":[95],"a":[96],"'work-anywhere'":[97],"attitude;":[98],"(3)":[100],"aids":[101],"social":[105],"ties":[106],"within":[107],"worker":[108],"communities":[109],"through":[110],"limited":[111],"access.":[113],"have":[116],"implications":[117],"for":[118],"building":[119],"systems":[120],"unify":[122],"practice":[125],"in":[126],"productivity":[130],"well-being.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
