{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980026972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3358179","title":"ECAx","display_name":"ECAx","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980026972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3358179","mag":"2980026972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3358179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3358179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051404579","display_name":"J. Castro Godinez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4808-4904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Castro-God\u00ednez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005190949","display_name":"Muhammad Shafique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Treitlstra\u00dfe, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Treitlstra\u00dfe, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063508488","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Henkel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-2922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Henkel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44584302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5s","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.879724383354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6937493681907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.5303782820701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5091313719749451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.5004661083221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.49773314595222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.48352789878845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4805631935596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4667397439479828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4256364703178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41900333762168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.356722354888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.35102272033691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35029441118240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07966679334640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07621118426322937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.879724383354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6937493681907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.5303782820701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5091313719749451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.5004661083221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.49773314595222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.48352789878845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4805631935596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4667397439479828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4256364703178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41900333762168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.356722354888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.35102272033691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35029441118240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07966679334640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07621118426322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3358179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3358179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555915743","https://openalex.org/W1970032753","https://openalex.org/W1986192284","https://openalex.org/W1998824039","https://openalex.org/W2026005150","https://openalex.org/W2034349555","https://openalex.org/W2035378788","https://openalex.org/W2037898879","https://openalex.org/W2045294186","https://openalex.org/W2085125624","https://openalex.org/W2114703523","https://openalex.org/W2135089667","https://openalex.org/W2155458498","https://openalex.org/W2170881177","https://openalex.org/W2187230075","https://openalex.org/W2244005500","https://openalex.org/W2295386853","https://openalex.org/W2399535694","https://openalex.org/W2404305894","https://openalex.org/W2415881634","https://openalex.org/W2501850293","https://openalex.org/W2515531880","https://openalex.org/W2595507424","https://openalex.org/W2626784759","https://openalex.org/W2746351350","https://openalex.org/W2770370002","https://openalex.org/W2798842472","https://openalex.org/W2889366309","https://openalex.org/W3144137741","https://openalex.org/W4234974086","https://openalex.org/W4249697915","https://openalex.org/W4251945539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486452452","https://openalex.org/W2917246213","https://openalex.org/W2950717866","https://openalex.org/W1990545960","https://openalex.org/W2991730067","https://openalex.org/W2626784759","https://openalex.org/W2041305355","https://openalex.org/W4312538840","https://openalex.org/W3086703238","https://openalex.org/W2100669545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Approximate":[0,35],"computing":[1,85],"has":[2],"emerged":[3],"as":[4,200],"a":[5,51,76,143,147,158],"design":[6],"paradigm":[7],"amenable":[8],"to":[9,40,139,152,161,217,222],"error-tolerant":[10],"applications.":[11],"It":[12],"enables":[13],"trading":[14],"the":[15,66,104,121,182,189,207,212],"quality":[16,33,53,79],"of":[17,24,46,123,177,184,191],"results":[18],"for":[19,75],"efficiency":[20],"improvement":[21],"in":[22,83,166,175],"terms":[23,176],"delay,":[25],"power,":[26],"and":[27,136,149],"energy":[28],"consumption":[29],"under":[30],"user-provided":[31],"tolerable":[32,144],"degradation.":[34],"accelerators":[36,57,168,193],"have":[37],"been":[38],"proposed":[39],"expedite":[41],"frequently":[42],"executing":[43],"code":[44],"sections":[45],"error-resilient":[47],"applications":[48],"while":[49],"meeting":[50],"defined":[52,77],"level.":[54],"However,":[55],"these":[56],"may":[58],"produce":[59,96],"unacceptable":[60,97],"errors":[61,137],"at":[62,133],"run":[63,134],"time":[64,135],"if":[65],"input":[67,128],"data":[68,129],"changes":[69],"or":[70,107],"dynamic":[71],"adjustments":[72],"are":[73,131,141],"made":[74],"output":[78],"constraint.":[80],"State-of-the-art":[81],"approaches":[82,118],"approximate":[84,124,167,192,196,201],"address":[86],"this":[87,99,153],"issue":[88],"by":[89,102,169],"correctly":[90],"re-computing":[91],"those":[92],"accelerator":[93],"invocations":[94],"that":[95],"errors;":[98],"is":[100,113],"achieved":[101],"using":[103],"host":[105,213],"processor":[106],"an":[108],"alternate":[109],"exact":[110,209],"accelerator,":[111],"which":[112],"activated":[114],"on-demand.":[115],"Nevertheless,":[116],"such":[117,199],"can":[119],"nullify":[120],"benefits":[122],"computing,":[125],"especially":[126],"when":[127],"variations":[130],"high":[132],"due":[138],"approximations":[140],"above":[142],"threshold.":[145],"As":[146],"robust":[148],"general":[150],"solution":[151],"problem,":[154],"we":[155],"propose":[156],"ECAx,":[157],"novel":[159,204],"methodology":[160,205],"explore":[162],"low-overhead":[163],"error":[164],"correction":[165],"selectively":[170],"correcting":[171],"most":[172],"significant":[173],"errors,":[174],"their":[178],"magnitude,":[179],"without":[180],"losing":[181],"gains":[183],"approximations.":[185],"We":[186],"particularly":[187],"consider":[188],"case":[190],"built":[194],"with":[195],"functional":[197],"units":[198],"adders.":[202],"Our":[203],"reduces":[206],"required":[208],"re-computations":[210],"on":[211],"processor,":[214],"achieving":[215],"up":[216],"20%":[218],"performance":[219],"gain":[220],"compared":[221],"state-of-the-art":[223],"approaches.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2019-10-18T00:00:00"}